Biology and Heredity
traits that do not appear that often
recessive
a storm with thunder and lightning that typically also has heavy rain or hail
someone who solves problems by using science, math, and/or technology
engineer
the traces or remains of organisms that lived long ago
fossils
occurs when there are no members of a species left on Earth
extinction
a group of similar cells that are organized to perform a specific function
tissues
imaginary line running through the center of Earth from the north and south poles
axis
a measure of the pull of gravity on that mass
weight
about 280–245 million years ago, all the continents were joined into a supercontinent
Pangaea
study of the development of unborn or unhatched organisms
embryology
system that supports the body, protects organs, allows movement, and makes blood cells
skeletal system
in this theory of the creation of the universe, scientists believed the universe began with a massive explosion of tiny, dense energy.
The Big Bang Theory
an early sample or model of a model built to test a concept
a giant continuous mountain range on the ocean floor
mid-ocean ridge
the idea that all organisms share a common ancestral species from which they evolved at some point in the past
common ancestry
the process for reproduction in unicellular organisms, used for growth and repair or replacement of cells, produces TWO identical daughter cells
Mitosis
the first person known to use a telescope to observe the planets and star; he supported the idea that Earth is not the center of the universe but Earth and other planets circle the sun
Galileo
the pair of forces described by Newton’s third law that occur at the same time
action and reaction forces
Dinosaurs first appeared during this period, about 245 million years ago
Triassic Period
the process of biological change by which populations become different from their ancestors over many generations
evolution
system that controls body movement and controls communication between the brain and the environment
nervous system
one special area on Earth where no winds blow
doldrums
states that when one object applies a force to a second object, the second object applies an equal and opposite force to the first object.
Newton's Third Law
four major parts of the geological time scale; including Hadean, Archean, Proterozoic, and Phanerozoic
eons
occurs when two or more populations no longer successfully reproduce. It requires a barrier to reproduction, which stops the flow of genes between populations.
speciation