States of Matter
What state of matter has a definite shape and a definite volume?
Solid
What is the formula for density?
Density = Mass / Volume
What do we call a change that forms a new substance, like burning wood?
Chemical Change
What physical property of an element is measured using a thermometer?
temperature (or melting point, or boiling point)
Is water (H₂O) an element, compound, or mixture?
Compound
What state of matter takes the shape of its container but has a definite volume?
liquid
If an object has a mass of 20 grams and a volume of 4 cubic centimeters, what is its density?
5 g/cm³ (5 grams per cubic centimeter)
What is a sign that a chemical change has occurred when vinegar reacts with baking soda?
the production of gas
What physical property of metals makes them good conductors of electricity?
Conductivity
What do we call a mixture where the components are evenly distributed and cannot be easily separated?
homogeneous mixture
In what state of matter do the particles move the fastest?
Gas
Which would sink in water, an object with a density of 0.5 g/cm³ or an object with a density of 2.5 g/cm³?
the object with a density of 2.5 g/cm³
True or False: Rust forming on iron is a physical change.
False
What do we call an element that can be stretched into a wire?
Ductile
What kind of substance has a fixed composition and cannot be separated by physical means?
Pure Substance
What do we call the change from a liquid to a gas?
Evaporation
True or False: If the density of an object is less than 1.0 g/cm³, it will float in water.
True
What happens to the molecules during a chemical change?
the molecules rearrange to form new substances
What is the term for the ability of an element to be hammered or pressed into thin sheets?
Malleability
Is salt dissolved in water an example of a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture?
homogeneous mixture
Name the process where a gas changes directly into a solid
Deposition
If the volume of a cube is 27 cm³ and the mass is 54 grams, what is its density?
2 g/cm³ (2 grams per cubic centimeter)
Name two signs of a chemical change.
What are color change and temperature change (or gas production, or formation of a precipitate)?
Which element is a good conductor of electricity, shiny, and can be stretched into thin wires?
Copper
What is the main difference between a compound and a mixture?
compounds have chemically bonded elements, while mixtures are physically combined substances