Unit 1: Scientific Method
What is the definition of a hypothesis?
An educated guess based on research.
How long ago is the Big Bang thought to have occurred?
13.8 BYA
What type of celestial body is a shooting star?
An asteroid
Micah is standing on a desk and jumps off. What kind of energy does he have BEFORE he jumps off the desk? Be as specific as possible.
Gravitational potential
What are the 4 spheres of the Earth?
Hydrosphere, Biosphere, Geosphere, Atmosphere
Length x width x height
Draw a diagram showing what a single molecule of water looks like.
Two hydrogen atoms, one oxygen, kind of looks like Mickey Mouse
Are the inner planets (mercury, venus, earth, mars) considered terrestrial planets or gas giants? Why?
Terrestrial, because they have continental crusts
What is Dark Matter?
An invisible form of matter that acts as a glue to keep galaxies spinning at a constant rate.
How fast does a tsunami travel in the open ocean?
500-600 mph
What unit do you use to measure the mass of an object? What classroom tool helps measure mass?
Grams (mg, cg, g, kg) and a Triple-Beam Balance
When light waves move in a certain direction, the light waves are compressed at the front of the object. This makes the wavelength shorter, and the perceived color changes to red. Distant galaxies emit red light, providing evidence that the universe is still expanding.
Match these terms to their definitions:
Gibbous. The moon appears to grow larger
Waning. The moon is between a new and quarter moon
Waxing. The moon is between a quarter and full moon
Crescent The moon appears to get smaller
Gibbous - The moon is between a quarter and full moon
Waning - The moon appears to get smaller
Waxing - The moon appears to get larger
Crescent - The moon is between a new and quarter moon
Potential - stored energy
Kinetic - energy of motion
What are the 3 categories of ways humans can mitigate tsunami risk?
Protection, Detection, Warning
Accurate
Big
Colorful
Detailed
Explained
What are the 4 states of matter, and what do the molecules look like in each stage?
Solid - structured, close together
Liquid - unstructured, close together
Gas - unstructured, very spread apart
Plasma - spread out, electrons stripped from atoms
What is responsible for ocean tides?
The gravitational pull of the moon and sun.
What are the 3 types of thermal energy transfer and what is an example of each?
Conduction - things touching, burn hand on stove
Convection - rotating currents of hot and cool substance, boiling water/magma in Earth's mantle
Radiation - heat moving through space, doesn't need to physically touch an object to heat it, sun's light/heat lamp
How does a tsunami form? Please include the type of plate boundary needs to be present and as specific information as possible.
An earthquake occurs at a convergent subduction zone. The plates slip, and a massive amount of water is displaced. Waves travel out from the epicenter, and as they get closer to shore they slow down and get higher, flooding the landscape.
What are the steps to the scientific method in order?
Identify the Problem
Research
Hypothesis
Experiment/Tests
Data Collection
Conclusion
I'm going to project an image of the Periodic Table entry for Oxygen. Draw a diagram of an Oxygen atom using the information on the entry. You must include the correct number of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Protons - 8
Neutrons - 8
Electrons - 8
How does Jupiter protect the inner planets from asteroids?
Jupiter's gravitational pull is so great that many asteroids are broken up by or sucked into Jupiter's orbit.
Give 3 examples of potential energy and 3 examples of kinetic energy.
Potential - gravitational, elastic, chemical, magnetic, etc.
Kinetic - mechanical, thermal, sound, radiant (light), etc.
List all the options for tsunami protection that were open to Ryoishi.
Sea walls, Sea dykes, Recurved walls
Rock armor, tetrapods
Breakwaters, submerged breakwaters
Natural - mangrove, pine forests