Unit 3: Europe
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand led to the start of which war?
What is World War One?
After spending 27 years in prison, this anti-apartheid revolutionary became South Africa’s first Black president in 1994.
Who is Nelson Mandela?
Judaism, Christianity, and Islam all share this belief in a single, all-powerful deity, setting them apart from many ancient polytheistic faiths.
What is Monotheism?
This Indian leader used peaceful civil disobedience to challenge British colonial rule, ultimately helping lead India to independence in 1947.
Who is Gandhi?
Completed in 1914, this man-made waterway connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, drastically reducing shipping time between the east and west coasts of the Americas.
What is the Panama Canal?
On June 6, 1944, Allied forces launched this massive invasion on the beaches of Normandy, marking a turning point in the European theater of World War II.
What is D-Day?
These Indigenous peoples of Australia have lived on the continent for over 60,000 years and have rich cultural traditions tied to the land.
Who are the Aboriginals?
This natural resource, abundant in countries like Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Iran, plays a critical role in the global economy and politics.
What is Oil?
This traditional hierarchy in India divides society into rigid hereditary groups.
What is the Caste System?
This is the predominant religion in modern-day Mexico, a result of Spanish colonization and missionary efforts during the 16th century.
What is Roman Catholic?
This language, once spoken throughout the Roman Empire, became the foundation for the Romance languages and was used in scholarly and religious texts for centuries.
This system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination was enforced by the government of South Africa from 1948 to the early 1990s.
What is Apartheid?
This "Cradle of Civilization," located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, is known for its early advances in writing, law, and agriculture.
What is Mesopotamia?
This historic network of trade routes connected China to the Mediterranean facilitating the exchange of ideas between East and West.
What is the Silk Road?
This widespread transfer of plants, animals, people, and diseases began after 1492, drastically reshaping ecosystems and cultures across the Atlantic.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
During trench warfare in World War I, this dangerous, unoccupied area between enemy lines was known by this grim name.
What is No Man's Land?
In 1932, Australia deployed soldiers armed with machine guns to battle these large, flightless birds in what became known as this unusual "war."
The reliance of countries like the U.S., Russia, and England on Middle Eastern oil is an example of this mutual dependence between nations for resources and trade.
What is Interdependence?
The Korean War, fought between North and South Korea with backing from major powers like the U.S. and China, is often cited as an example of this type of conflict.
What is a Proxy War?
This Ancient Civilization used "terrace farming", a method of creating flat farming land on mountain sides.
What is Inca?
Signed in 1919, this treaty officially ended World War I and imposed harsh penalties on Germany, including territorial losses and reparations.
What is the Treaty of Versailles
This term refers to Aboriginal children who were forcibly removed from their families by Australian government agencies and church missions.
What is the Stolen Generation?
This international organization, founded in 1960, coordinates the petroleum policies of its member countries, including major oil producers like Saudi Arabia and Venezuela.
In Buddhism, this set of principles including Right Speech, Right Action, and Right Mindfulness. It offers a guide to end suffering and achieve enlightenment.
What is the Eightfold Path?
This holiday, often mistaken for Mexico's Independence Day, commemorates the Mexican army’s victory over French forces at the Battle of Puebla in 1862.