Rock Cycle
Terms used to describe how sediments become sedimentary rocks?
compaction and cementation
Name an Igneous rock.
Gabbro, Pumice, Granite, Obsidian, Basalt
Sedimentary rock forms when this collects and hardens into new rock?
What is sediment
Where do Metamorphic rocks form?
Deep within the Earth's crust.
What is the difference between a rock and a mineral?
Minerals are made up of natural elements (one thing) and rocks are made of minerals.
If magma or lava cools, this type of rock is formed.
Igneous
Name one way to identify an Igneous rock.
Looks glassy, has holes or pores, crystal size
Name 2 of the 5 steps of how a typical sedimentary rock is formed.
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation
Name one way to identify a Metamorphic rock.
What are scientists called that study rocks and minerals?
Geologists
In order for metamorphic rock to become magma, this process must take place.
Melting
Magma that is pushed to the earth's surface is called what?
What is lava
Name two ways to tell if a rock is Sedimentary.
Has fossils, has sand or clay particles, large grains or pebbles
This type of metamorphism exposes rocks to extreme pressure causing mineral crystals to become banded.
Regional metamorphism
What are the two characteristics scientists use to classify rocks.
composition and texture
The continual process by which new rock forms from old rock material is called what?
rock cycle.
When magma cools slowly it forms __________ grained rocks.
What is coarse
Describe how a mountain made of Igneous rock could form into Sedimentary rock.
Weathering and erosion
Melting into magma then cooling and solidifying
The term used to describe Metamorphic rocks that have mineral grains with random, interlocking pattern
Non-foliated
In the rock cycle, what process explains how igneous rocks can become metamorphic?
heat and pressure
Name the two types of Igneous rocks and explain how each form.
Intrusive: forms deep within Earth's crust when magma cools slowly
Extrusive: forms on Earth's surface when lava cools quickly
Conglomerate is an example of this type of Sedimentary rock.
Clastic Sedimentary
This type of metamorphism exposes rocks to extreme heat causing them to change into a different rock such as Limestone becoming Marble.
Contact metamorphism
This type of Sedimentary rock is made up of once living organisms.
Biochemical