Civilization
What is the merit system?
A merit system is a personnel system where appointments, promotions, and rewards are based on an individual's demonstrated ability, skills, and performance, rather than political connections or other non-merit factors
What does it mean to barter?
exchange (goods or services) for other goods or services without using money.
What ocean borders China?
The Pacific Ocean
What modern country were the Mongols from?
Mongolia
Name something the Chinese are credited it inventing?
The compass
Block printing
Paper
Mechanical clock
Gunpowder
This system could be found in both Ancient China and Medieval Europe. The king or Emperor was at the top while serfs were at the bottom.
Feudalism
____________ increased trade networks that emerged due to the money economy.
Exploration
Name three seas bordering China?
Yellow Sea; South China Sea; and East China Sea
(There's actually 4: the Bohai Sea)
What animal was vital to Mongol lifestyle and their empire?
The horse
What is the tributary system?
The Tributary System was a traditional Chinese method of conducting foreign relations where China expected other states to acknowledge Chinese authority and pay tribute in exchange for diplomatic and trade relations.
The Chinese built these water highways to connect major rivers.
Canals
Making _______________ includes high-temperature firing techniques.
Porcelain
The landform that separates China with Mongolia
Gobi Desert
Genghis Khan and Kublai Khan
What are the benefits and drawbacks of the tributary system for the Ming Dynasty and its neighbors.
It fostered political dominance and provided a degree of regional peace. For neighbors, it offered access to trade and diplomatic recognition, but also meant accepting a subordinate status
What was the purpose of canals
Canals serve several purposes, primarily as man-made waterways for transportation, navigation, irrigation, and water management.
The role of porcelain in trade, especially along the _________ and its introduction to Europe.
Silk Road
What is the Mongolian Steppe?
The Mongolian Steppe is a vast, treeless plain that is crucial for the nomadic lifestyle of the Mongols.
Kublai Khan moved the Mongol empire to what modern day country?
Beijing
How did Buddhism spread from India to China?
BONUS What is interesting about how this major religion spread?
Along the Silk Road
It changed as it was passed along the trade route
How did the merit system influence the social structure and government roles in ancient China.
It transitioned the government from a primarily aristocratic-led system to one where officials were selected based on their merit and ability, rather than birthright.
"Why do you think certain materials, like porcelain, were highly valued in trade?"
Porcelain was highly valued in trade due to its combination of beauty, durability, and scarcity, particularly in its origins in China.
What did the Mongolian Steppe provide?
The Steppe provides resources such as grass for grazing and water sources for livestock, influencing the Mongols' mobility and settlement patterns.
What was genghis khan's policy on surrendering?
Genghis Khan's policy on surrender involved a preference for peaceful submission.
Who built the Great Wall of China?
The Great Wall of China was not built by a single person, but rather by many over centuries, with significant contributions from the Qin, Ming, and other dynasties. Emperor Qin Shi Huang of the Qin Dynasty is credited with unifying and expanding existing fortifications into a continuous wall around 220 BCE.