Ancient China 1
What were oracle bones and what were their purpose?
Animal bones used to consult the gods. Messages/questions were carved on the bones and heated up to reveal the gods' answers
Who was the first emperor of China?
Qin Shi Huangdi
What was the first empire in China?
Qin Dynasty
A series of rulers from the same family line
Dynasty
What philosophy did the Han implement?
Confucianism
What is the term for trading on the Silk Road without the use of money?
bartering
TRUE OR FALSE: The Great Wall of China was a great achievement that was constructed by volunteers during the Han dynasty
FALSE: began construction when Shi Huangdi was ruling. Peasants were forced to work year-round and many workers died.
What was China's primary export?
Silk
What philosophy did the Qin implement?
Legalism
Why were camels so important on the Silk Road?
Stored fat in their humps so they could go days without eating and drinking. Sure-footed, strong, and can carry heavy loads. Used to the hot, desert climate
Philosophy that uses strict laws and harsh punishments; it teaches humans are inherently evil.
Legalism
What are three accomplishments of the Shi Huangdi?
standardized weights and measures, single currency and writing system, expanded the empire by building more roads, built canals and irrigation system, The Great Wall of China
The landform that separates China with Mongolia
Gobi Desert
A political theory of ancient China in which those in power were given the right to rule from the gods.
Mandate of Heaven
What 2 major rivers provided fresh water for Ancient Chinese people?
Huang He(Yellow) and Yangtze Rivers
What were the three phiosophies of Ancient China? AND what did they all have in common?
Legalism, Confucianism, Daoism.
They all wanted to bring order/peace to China after the Warring States Period.
TRUE OR FALSE: Shi Huangdi was well respected and treated his subjects fairly by preaching Confucianism
FALSE: Shi Huangdi used cruel methods and believed in Legalism
What was the purpose of the Terra Cotta Army? AND What is Terra Cotta?
To protect Shi Huangdi from evil spirits in the afterlife
Baked earth/clay
What is it called when appointed officials run different parts of the government?
Bureaucracy
Name three dangers of the Silk Road
deadly animals, spread of diseases, bandits/thieves, harsh geographical conditions(deserts and mountains)
What Chinese invention from the Han Dynasty helps us understand Ancient Chinese history more clearly even today? Why?
Paper. Because scholars at the time were able to write things down on paper frequently and keep far more records than ever before.
What are two of the main principles of Confucianism?
Respect authority
respect one another/relationships
Filial piety
Name 5 inventions that China created that contributed to the rest of the world
paper, silk, compass, cast iron, wheelbarrow, iron moldboard plow, horse harness
After the Qin Dynasty, how did life in China change during the Han Dynasty? Name at least 3 examples
lower taxes, less strict laws, lesser punishments, peasants worked less on building projects, Legalism was replaced with Confucianism
List the five ancient dynasties in chronological order.
Xia
Shang
Zhou
Qin
Han