Energy/Circuits
A species of moth inhabits the fur of three-toed sloths. These moths provide nutrients to algae growing on the sloth’s fur. The algae provides camouflage for the sloth. The sloth’s waste provides a secure and nutrient-rich place for the moths to lay their eggs. Populations of three-toed sloths are decreasing due to deforestation of their habitat. Which of these will most likely result if the three-toed sloth population continues to decline? M. The population of moths will thrive by inhabiting the fur of another tree-dwelling mammal. P. The algae will adapt to living on tree trunks and low-hanging branches. R. The population of moths will decline because of fewer places to lay eggs. S. The algae will survive by breeding with another photosynthetic organism.
What is R.) The population of moths will decline because of fewer places to lay eggs.
Scientists are investigating how solar energy can be used along with other energy sources. Which of these best describes why scientists are exploring the use of other types of renewable energy sources along with solar energy? A. The collection of solar energy is limited to daylight hours. B. Solar energy can be transformed only into electrical energy. C. The collection of solar energy requires constant monitoring. D. Solar energy is less popular than other types of energy.
What is A.) The collection of solar energy is limited to daylight hours.
Prairie dogs are a type of mammal that lives in colonies. Prairie dogs use a variety of different sounds to communicate with each other. These calls warn neighbors of the approach of a predator. Different calls are used for different types of predators. One type of call is a “jump-yip”; a prairie dog stands on its hind legs, extends its arms, and utters a sharp “yipping” sound. Other prairie dogs then copy this behavior while the rest scurry to safety in their burrows. A student researched the different sounds made by prairie dogs. Which question about this “jump-yip” research of prairie dog communication was the student trying to answer? A. Why do prairie dogs use the “jump-yip” behavior? B. What are prairie dogs celebrating when they use the “jump-yip” behavior? C. Why does this “jump-yip” behavior occur only at night? D. Does this “jump-yip” behavior scare the other prairie dogs?
What is A.) Why do prairie dogs use the “jump-yip” behavior?
Which statement describes the human activity that most impacts the Peruvian anchovy population? M. Overfishing the plankton increases the amount of food left for anchovies. P. Tourists in boats feeding the anchovies extra food reduces the anchovy population. R. Using the anchovies for fish meal instead of food reduces the amount of food available to humans. S. Fishing for the anchovies every year reduces the number of anchovies available to reproduce.
What is S.) Fishing for the anchovies every year reduces the number of anchovies available to reproduce.
Vast quantities of natural gas are located beneath Earth’s surface. Natural gas is less costly to extract from the ground than crude oil. Natural gas offers some advantages compared to other energy sources. Despite the large amounts of natural gas, why is it classified as a nonrenewable, rather than a renewable, resource? M. Natural gas is available underground but not in the atmosphere. P. The formation of natural gas is a process that takes millions of years. R. Natural gas can be extracted only during certain times of the year. S. The cost of extracting natural gas from the ground is greater than its value
What is P.) The formation of natural gas is a process that takes millions of years.
The table shows some common types of plastic debris cleaned from the ocean.
Plastic Debris Items Removed from Oceans
• Plastic straws ~ 3.6 million
• Plastic bottles ~ 1.5 million
• Plastic bottle caps ~ 1.4 million
• Plastic grocery bags ~ 1 million
Using the data in the table, which solution would most reduce the amount of plastic debris in the oceans? A. switching from paper bags to plastic bags B. recycling plastic bottles but not the cap C. using paper straws instead of plastic straws D. using larger plastic bags to carry groceries
What is C. using paper straws instead of plastic straws
What are the layers of the atmosphere?
What is the Exosphere Thermosphere Mesosphere Stratosphere Troposphere
Engineers have designed a hydrogen fuel cell car which is powered by the energy that is released when hydrogen and oxygen combine. To do this, the car's engine transforms chemical energy into mechanical energy. The only substance released from these cars is water vapor. A student claims that cars powered by this type of fuel have an advantage over cars powered by gasoline. Which statement supports the student's claim? A. Hydrogen fuel cell cars do not contribute to air pollution because their only exhaust is water. B. Hydrogen fuel cell cars do not require maintenance like gasoline powered cars do. C. Hydrogen fuel cell cars use non-renewable energy sources. D. Hydrogen fuel cell cars can be designed in a variety of shapes.
What is A. Hydrogen fuel cell cars do not contribute to air pollution because their only exhaust is water.
Which factor makes the ocean off the coast of Peru one of the best ecosystems for sustaining the largest fish populations in the world? A. the cold waters traveling up the coast of South America with large amounts of nutrients needed in the ecosystem B. the cold winds from the equator bringing nutrients from the western oceans needed in the ecosystem C. the warm waters from the western oceans that bring large amounts of nutrients needed in the ecosystem D. the warm winds that move the nutrients needed in the ecosystem to the coastal areas
What is A.) the cold waters traveling up the coast of South America with large amounts of nutrients needed in the ecosystem
Which solution would best reduce the impact humans have on the anchovy ecosystem when upwelling is reduced off the coast of Peru? A. Add more nutrients to the water because there are fewer natural nutrients. B. Suspend fishing in the ecosystem because it will let the populations stabilize. C. Harvest only the adult anchovies because the smaller anchovies will be able to survive with less food. D. Import fish from similar ecosystems to increase the amount available for fishing.
What is B.) Suspend fishing in the ecosystem because it will let the populations stabilize.
What is the main difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources?
What is renewable resources can be replenished naturally
Recently, severe weather damaged forests in northern New Mexico. Trees in these forests are nesting sites for Mexican spotted owls. Damage to the forests caused populations of Mexican spotted owls to decline in the state. Which of these describes the most likely result of a decrease in the number of Mexican spotted owls in New Mexico forests? A. Populations of primary consumers increased, because there was less predation by Mexican spotted owls. B. Populations of predators decreased, because there was less competition from Mexican spotted owls. C. Deciduous trees grew at faster rates, because fewer Mexican spotted owls were nesting in their branches. D. Certain herbaceous plants reproduced at a slower rate, because fewer Mexican spotted owls flew above them
What is A.) Populations of primary consumers increased, because there was less predation by Mexican spotted owls.
Traditional farming practices can increase soil erosion. Eroded soils can affect nearby lakes by causing eutrophication. Eutrophication decreases the water quality of a lake by reducing the amount of oxygen in the water. Which statement describes the best solution for a farmer to increase the biodiversity of a nearby lake? M. The farmer removes more retaining walls that control runoff. P. The farmer increases the amount of time that cows graze on grasses each day. R. The farmer uses more fertilizer when growing new crops. S. The farmer plants a variety of trees along his fields.
What is S.) The farmer plants a variety of trees along his fields.
What is biomass energy?
A. Energy from underwater volcanoes B. Energy from the sun's heat C. Energy from organic materials like plants and waste D. Energy from underground hot springs
What is C. Energy from organic materials like plants and waste