Measurement
Any place where gas, ash or melted rock comes out of the ground.
volcano
Melted rock UNDER the earth's surface
magma
ground movements that occur when blocks of rock in Earth move suddenly and release energy
earthquake
the process by which rocks change shape when under stress
deformation
A break in earth's crust along which blocks of rock move
fault
How many meters in two kilometers?
2,000 meters
The variable that changes as a result of an experiment.
Dependent variable
The breakdown of rocks BY OTHER ROCKS
abrasion
The process by which new oceanic lithosphere forms when magma rises to Earth's surface at mid-ocean ridges and solidifies, as older, existing sea floor moves away from the ridge
Sea-floor spreading
stress in rocks that stretches or pulls rocks apart
tension
How many kilometers in a meter?
1/1000 of a kilometer
These are the steps in the ____________
Scientific method
the process by which wind, water, ice or gravity transports soil and sediment from one place to another
Erosion
the theory that explains how large pieces of Earth's outermost layer move and change shape
Plate tectonics
The name for melted rock after it has reached the earth's surface (and come out). When this hardens, it forms new land.
lava
Define the prefixes kilo-, centi-, milli-
thousand, hundredth, thousandth
Idea or explanation for something that is based on known facts but has not yet been proved. Developing this is part of the scientific method.
Hypothesis
the process in which soil is laid down
deposition
The boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding past each other horizontally
Transform boundary
stress that squeezes or pushes rock together
compression
What are the base units to measure length, mass and (liquid) volume (you must have all three to get this correct!)
meter, gram, liter
The variable that is manipulated by the researcher.
Independent variable
a chemical reaction in which a material combines with oxygen to form a new material (in geology, this is a form of chemical weathering)
Oxidation
The crust and the upper, rigid part of the mantle. This is the material that makes up the tectonic plates.
Lithosphere
the place within Earth along a fault at which the first motion of an earthquake occurs
focus