Matter Vocabulary
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Matter
solid
A physical change alters the form or appearance of matter but does not change any substance into a new/different substance.
What is the equation for Density?
Density = mass/volume
Which state of matter has the most thermal energy, solid, liquid, or gas?
A single kind of matter that always has a specific makeup or composition
Substance
What can be said about the shape and volume of a gas?
A gas has no definite shape and no definite volume
Combustion (burning a fire), rotting (apple, pear, etc), Rusting, Digestion
What is density?
Density is a measure of the mass of a material in a given volume
The coffee would cool down if thermal energy was removed
What is a molecule? Give one example of a molecule.
A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. Example: water (H2O)
This state of matter has close packed molecules that can flow over one another
liquid
Which type of change takes place in the scenario below (Physical or Chemical)? How can you tell?
Chopping wood
This is a physical change because you did not change the makeup of the wood you just changed its form.
Density = mass/volume
Density = 100/50 = 2 g/cm^3
Why does all matter have thermal energy?
Because atoms are constantly in motion/moving
Give an example of a mixture
A bowl of mixed nuts or fruit salad (has visibly different parts).
How are the particles in a gas arranged?
Gas particles are spread out and move freely around their containers
Identify what type of change has occurred (physical or chemical) explain how you know:
Popping popcorn
Popping popcorn is not a chemical reaction. It is a physical reaction. All that is changed is the appearance of the popcorn kernel. When heat is applied to the kernel, the moisture inside of it turns to steam, which causes the kernel to turn itself inside out.
You have two books. Book A has a mass of 500 g, volume of 20 cm^3, and density of 25 g/cm^3. Book B has a mass of 450 g, volume of 15 cm^3, and a density of 30 g/cm^3. Which book is the heaviest? Which book is the most dense?
Book A is the heaviest (mass 500g)
What happens to ice if thermal energy is added to it?
It will evaporate and turn to a gas
These cannot be broken down into different substances and are represented using letters/symbols.
Elements
What is a phase change? Give an example of a phase change that you might see in everyday life.
A phase change is when matter changes from one state (solid, liquid, gas) to another state (solid, liquid, gas). An example would be ice melting, a popsicle melting, ice freezing, and water evaporating.
Give one example of a physical change and one example of a chemical change
Answers vary
Physical change can change form/appearance but not makeup of the substance
Chemical change must result in formation of a new/altered substance
True or false: All substance have the same exact density
False, all substances will have a unique identity
What happens to the air in car tires when the weather/outside temperature cools down? Why?
Often times the pressure gauge will light, this indicates that the gas/air particles in the tires compressed/got smaller and occupied less space.