Energy flows and causes change
List the types of potential energy
Chemical, Gravitational Potential, Elastic, Nuclear
What is the definition of temperature?
It is a measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in an object or substance.
Define ambient temperature
The temperature of an object's surrounding
True or False: Evaporation is the process of a gas becoming a liquid
False
Define mechanical energy
Particles are moving freely
Why is a copper a good heating conductor?
Unlike other materials, copper is able to distribute heat evenly, preventing certain areas from overheating.
Solar energy
Define gravitational potential energy
The potential energy of an object due to its height or position relative to Earth's surface.
I have a fish tank and fish bowl. Each container contains the same temperature of water. Which container has more thermal energy?
Does copper require less or more energy compared to a cast iron skillet weighing the same mass
less
What processes in the water cycle are driven by gravity?
Precipitation and runoff (infiltration)
A dog jumps into a pile of leaves. What is the energy transfer?
Fill in the blank:
Energy flows from ___________ objects to _________ objects when an object feels warm.
Energy flows from warm objects to cold objects when an object feels warm.
How is thermal conductivity measured?
It is measured in watts per meter-kelvin. The higher the value the faster the material transfers energy
Describe the difference between surface and deep currents
Surface currents are at or near ocean surface and powered by wind
Deep currents flow below ocean surface and are driven by differences in water densities
The power is out. I need to crank my flashlight. Describe the energy transformation and transfers occurring when a flashlight needs to be wound up.
Kinetic energy is transferred through the crank to parts of the flashlight. Parts then transform kinetic energy to electrical and electromagnetic energy.
Fill in the blank:
When thermal energy is transferred to an object as heat, the _________ kinetic energy of the particles in an object will ____________.
average and increase
Identify transformations of energy occurring when a ball is thrown off from a roof on to a trampoline.
Elastic: as ball lands on trampoline and creates indent
Kinetic: When ball returns back up
Describe 2 ways in which energy flows through Earth's system in the water cycle.
1. Water changes state
2. Water moves from place to place