Vocab
Atom
Smallest unit of matter
If heat is removed, what do the molecules do?
Slow down and move closer
Heat always moves?
Warm to cold
Convection
Heat transfer caused by the rising of hotter, less dense fluids or gases and the falling of cooler, denser fluids or gases
Law of Conservation of Mass
Matter cannot be created nor destroyed
If heat is added, what do the molecules do?
Speed up and spread out
What is the difference between an insulator and a conductor?
Insulator - slows energy transfer
Conductor - allows energy to transfer easily
Energy
The ability of a system to do work, required for changes to happen within a system
Thermal Energy
The total kinetic energy of the tiny particles that make up matter
What states of matter can conduction occur in?
Solid, liquid, or gas
In a chemical reaction in a closed system, the mass of the reactants is greater than, less than, or equal to the mass of products?
Equal to
Heat transfer
The thermal energy exchange between two objects of different temperatures; energy moves in a predictable pattern from warmer sites to cooler sites until all sites have reached the same temperature
Conduction
Transfer of heat through direct contact of particles
What states of matter can convection occur in?
Gas or liquid
What is the evidence of a chemical reaction?
Color change, temperature change, gas production, formation of a precipitate.
Radiation
The transfer of energy by the movement of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles
Exothermic vs Endothermic Reactions
Exothermic - releases heat
Endothermic - absorbs heat
What states of matter can radiation occur in?
Trick question! Radiation does not require matter to transfer heat
What can impact the transfer of thermal energy?
Mass, temperature, and type of material
Pressure
The force caused by particles colliding with the walls of a container