Scenarios / generic
When at a scene where you encounter leaking haz mat material, a burning building with no fire crew, downed power lines, patient in dangers position...what do you do?
Think of you safety. Don't go running in blindly without making sure it's safe. Get the right resources and use the resources you have to stay safe.
What is kyphosis?
An abnormal forward curvature of the spine, usually in the thoracic (upper back) region, which gives a hunched or rounded-back appearance.
In a multi-victim car accident, how do you determine who to treat first?
Always begin with a scene safety check. Once the scene is safe, perform a quick global scan to see how each person was injured and who appears to need urgent attention first.
Then use START for triage.
What is APGAR and what points are used to determine an infant's status?
Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respirations
Scoring Guide
7–10: Generally normal, infant adapting well
4–6: Moderate difficulty, may need stimulation or oxygen
0–3: Severe distress, immediate resuscitation needed
What does each letter in AVPU stand for, including what each status means?
A — Alert The patient is awake, aware, and responds appropriately.
V-Verbal The patient responds when you speak to them. (follow a verbal command)
P — Pain The patient responds only to a painful stimulus.
U — Unresponsive The patient does not respond to voice or pain. No purposeful movement.
What is the next step if patient insists on walking to ambulance while in distress?
Make a sincere effort to convince them not to walk since it could worsen their condition.
Define stridor.
A high-pitched, harsh sound heard during breathing, usually on inspiration, caused by partial obstruction of the upper airway (larynx or trachea).
If you a severe trauma patient, what type of hospital should the patient be transported to?
A trauma center that matches the patient’s level of injury.
Can you transport an end term patient if they are in distress?
If they don't have crowning, you can transport to the nearest facility with an OB per local protocol.
What is the first step in helping to control bleeding, and what are the next steps?
The first step is direct pressure—firm, steady pressure directly on the bleeding site using a gloved hand and dressing. Continue to try direct pressure until determination is clear that tourniquet is needed.
If you have treated a patient with a condition that is common to them, can they refuse to go to the hospital?
They can refuse, but be sure that they understand the risks, they understands the information you are conveying, and sign a refusal form.
Define Ischemia.
A condition in which a part of the body (usually tissue or an organ) receives insufficient blood flow.
If a patient is showing signs and symptoms of a stroke, what type of hospital should they be transported to?
A hospital with a certified stroke center.
Why do we place a near-term pregnant patient on their left side?
To relieve pressure on the major blood vessels and improve blood flow to the mother and baby. Reduced blood return to the heart, causes supine hypotensive syndrome.
What are the signs and symptoms of spinal trauma?
Look for pain, weakness, tingling, abnormal sensations, and changes in function.
How do you treat a partial thickness burn?
Cool the burn with water and cover with a dry sterile dressing.
If you have an elderly patient with severe difficulty hearing, what could be the cause?
Low frequency sounds are often more difficult to hear.
If you have a patient that is trapped and the scene is not secure, what do we do?
Delay treatment until the scene is secured and safe. This ensures safety for patient and responder.
If you have a patient with cancer, and they get severe pain when doing heavy lifting, what could be the cause?
A fracture caused by an underlying tumor due to the cancer.
How does a patient present with a potential stroke?
Think FAST: Facial droop
Arm Weakness
Speech Difficulty
Time
What kind of treatment would you give a patient that is gurgling and having trouble breathing?
Give high flow oxygen.
How stepsdo we take when performing a reassessment at the end of a call?
Reassess: Primary / Secondary / Vital signs
Any interventions we have given
Check/Change our priority
Why do we do chest compression on a pulseless patient?
Chest compressions move oxygenated blood throughout the body. Without the oxygen, the brain would eventually have brain damage.
What is meant by “quality of the discomfort”?
Refers to how the patient describes the pain or discomfort in their own words. It tells you what the pain feels like, helping you understand the possible cause.
What is happening when the blood leaving the heart from the right to the lungs in the pulmonary artery.
The right side of the heart is sending deoxygenated blood to the lungs so it can pick up oxygen and release carbon dioxide.