Shoulder and Arm
Lesser Tubercle
Palpation cue: find acromion, distal and slightly posterior, passive ER
Follow up: Name a muscle that attaches here? Subscapularis
Brachioradialis
Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion: Styloid process of radius
Action: Elbow flexion, especially mid-pronated position
Innervation: Radial
Palpation Cue: Resist elbow flexion in neutral forearm (thumb up), long tubular muscle on top of forearm
Erector Spinae Group
I love spaghetti!
Lower -- extend legs/hips
Middle: extend trunk
Gluteal Tuberosity
Prone, posterior surface of greater trochanter
slide two in distally along the posterior shaft of femur
feels like a flat surface
Fibularis Brevis
Fibular head, lateral compartment. Evert foot, follow to 5th metatarsal
Infraglenoid Tubercle
Follow the lateral border most superior, can confirm with shoulder extension has long head of triceps attaches here
Pronator Teres
Origin: Medial epicondyle, supracondylar ridge, and coronoid process of ulna
Insertion: Lateral surface of radius
Action: Pronates forearm, flexes elbow
Innervation: Median nerve
Palpation Cue: Resist pronation with elbow flexed, medial side anterior surface
Find clavicle and upper trap. Sink between the 2 towards inferior direction; check with inhalation vs scapula elevation
Semitendonosis
Round tendon on top, resist knee flexion
Navicular
Medial foot. Can come from 1st metatarsal and slide posterior, or medial malleolus and slide anterior.
Rhomboid Minor
C7-T1 obliquely
Hook of the Hamate
-Located in hypothenar eminence of hand, prominent
-Follow up: Name a muscle that attaches here? Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis OR Opponens Pollicis
Transverse Processes of Thoracic Spine
1in laterally from SP
Roll fingers superior/inferior (remember angle of TPs)
Flex the hip
Laterally rotate the hip
Abduct the hip
Flex the knee
Medially rotate the flexed knee
Hand on medial thigh
Superficial along entire length from Oà I
Differentiate from gracilis, which adducts
Extensor Digitorum Brevis
Resist toe extension. Palpate slide two inches off lateral mallelous
Leavtor Scapula
Prone, supine, or sidelying
Superior angle
palpating through trap OR anteriorly off trap
elevate scapula
Supinator
Origin: Lateral epicondyle and ulna
Insertion: Proximal radius
Action: Supinates forearm
Innervation: Deep branch of radial nerve
Palpation Cue: Supinate forearm from neutral against resistance, posterior surface dropping off lateral epicondyle
Transverse Process of C1
Inferior & anterior to mastoid process; deep to SCM; may rotate 45° to feel
Adductor Magnus
Palpate ischial tuberosity. Slide off prominent tendon posteriorly to palpate adductor magnus
Access insertion at adductor tubercle
Head of Talus
Slide proximally of navicular, may feel like a depression
Invert/evert PASSIVE... with eversion head is more prominent
Subscapularis
Sidelying or supine
Have them slightly rotate medially
Triquetrum
Palpation Cue: Ulnar side, ABDuct wrist passively o feel protrude
Follow Up: What bony landmark is proximal to this structure? Ulnar Styloid
Transversospinalis (Multifidi and Rotators)
Both Prone
Multifidi (span 2-4 levels)
pg 202, toward vertebrae, oblique
Rotatores (span 1-2 levels)
rolling away from vertebrae
Piriformis
Place index finger on PSIS and thumb on coccyx, index finger of the opp. hand on the greater trochanter (imagine a “T”)
Palpate along the base of the T through gluteus maximus using broad finger pads (sciatic n.)
Confirm by gently resisting lateral rotation with knee bent
Fibular Trochlea
Lateral malleolus, slide 1in inferior. May feel like a short ridge
Don't confuse with S. Tali!