Hunter-Gatherers
What do we call people who move from place to place?
Nomads
What did early man discover about flint?
When struck with another rock it created sparks and could start a fire.
What was the name of the special corn that grew in Central America?
Maize
Settlements emerged about 10,000 years ago after the end of what?
The Ice Age
This is the practice of raising animals to feed and help humans.
Domestication
What did most hunter-gatherers make their clothing from?
Animal skins (hides)
What do we call long, pointed sticks used for hunting?
Spears
Rather than using leather and straw baskets, how did settlers begin to store their food?
In pots made of clay.
Where were many settlements established?
Near rivers
The term for having more food than what is needed to simply survive.
Surplus
Where did ancient hunter-gatherers enter into the Americas?
Alaska (The Bering Land Bridge)
This tool was often made of bone and used to sew clothing.
A Needle
A method of farming where bushes were chopped down and set on fire to clear and fertilize farmland.
Slash-and-Burn
What was different about shelters in a settlement?
They were built to be permanent.
The term for methods of doing something (like farming or storing food)
Techniques
Why did hunter-gatherers move around so much?
They were following animal herds and seasonal plants
This was a small hand tool with a sharp edge used to shape wood and other materials.
A Chisel
What small animals did settlers in South America begin to raise?
Guinea Pigs
Why were people in settlements more likely to catch and spread diseases.
More people and animals living close together (created more exposure to waste and transmission of germs)
This black, volcanic glass was used to make cutting tools and arrowheads.
Obsidian
What was the typical size of a group of hunter-gatherers?
Around 30 people.
This tool had a wooden handle and sharpened stone and was used to cut down tall grasses.
A Sickle
How did early settlers preserve meat and fish?
The smoked it over a fire or dried it in the sun.
Why did early humans create settlements by rivers?
The soil was fertile and there was easier access to fish and other animals.
This is the total number of people living in a certain area.
Population