The Secret Life of Cells
Week 1: Cells and Biochem
Week 1: Cells and Biochem
Once grouped with bacteria as they lack a nucleus, these microorganisms are now recognized as a separate domain of life and often thrive in extreme environments.
What are Archaea?
Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, and Quaternary
What are the four levels of protien structure?
This small regulatory protein acts like a molecular "tag," marking other proteins for destruction.
What is ubiquitin?
A pairs with T, and G pairs with C. What is this pattern called?
What is complementary base pairing?
It is the process of driving unfavorable reactions by coupling them with favorable ones
What is reaction coupling in biochemistry?
This complete, three-dimensional shape is formed when a single polypeptide chain folds and packs secondary structures together
What is its tertiary structure?
This value describes the ratio of products to reactants when a reversible chemical reaction is balanced.
What is the Equilibrium Constant (K)
Each new DNA molecule has one old strand and one new strand. What is this model called?
What is semiconservative replication?
They perform various functions including structure, transport, mobility, catalysis, and signaling
What is the role of proteins in cells?
The process by which proteins spontaneously form organized structures without external guidance.
What is the self-assembly in proteins?
Rather than competing for the active site, an inhibitor uses this mechanism to change an enzyme's shape and reduce its activity.
What is negative allostery?
This DNA sequence produces a functional RNA or protein.
What is a gene?
They become significant due to their cumulative effect despite being relatively weak individually
What is the significance of many ionic bonds acting together?
This structure allow for flexibility and adaptability in function, enabling proteins to interact with various partners
What is a dynamic protein structure?
ATP is the phosphate donor used by these enzymes to turn on or off molecular functions.
What are protein kinases?
This DNA-protein material packages DNA and affects gene access.
What is chromatin?
Size and transparency of cells, rapid development, ease of obtaining mutants, methods for genetic studies, low maintenance cost, and known full genome sequence
What is the model organisms suitable for genetic studies?
This protein have elongated, thread-like structures, providing support and strength to cells and tissues, such as collagen and elastin
What are Fibrous proteins?
As one of the first proto-oncogenes ever identified, this kinase helped launch the field of cancer biology.
What is Src kinase?
This process makes extra gene copies that can change and gain new functions.
What are gene duplication and divergence?