The Reconquista
A period in history when Christian kingdoms in Spain and Portugal worked to take back land from Muslim rulers
What is the Reconquista?
In 455 CE, this barbarian group destroyed the city of Rome and caused the Dark Ages to begin in Europe.
What is the Vandals destroyed Rome?
This is the term for the official exclusion of a person from participating in the religious activities of the Church, often as a punishment for serious wrongdoing
What is excommunication?
In Feudalism, this was a person / knight who received land from a lord in exchange for loyalty, military service, and protection
What is a vassal?
Great advances in math and science were made in this part of the world during the Dark Ages.
A type of government led by a caliph, who is a religious and political leader in Islam.
What is a Caliphate?
Ways the Catholic Church preserved Roman traditions during the Medieval Ages.
What is copied Roman literature and continued to speak Latin?
This was a belief in the Middle Ages that kings and queens had the right to rule because God had chosen them
What is Divine Right?
In feudalism, this person was a poor worker who lived on a lord's land, had few rights, could not leave without permission, and worked the land in exchange for protection and a place to live
What is a serf?
In the 1400s, these three Christian kingdoms dominated the Iberian peninsula.
What is Aragón, Castile, and Portugal?
This caliphate was defeated by Franks at the Battle of Tours in 732 CE.
What is the Umayyad Caliphate
This event marked the end of the Dark Ages in Europe.
What is Charlemagne is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire?
The first Barbarian king to convert to Christianity / Catholicism in 508 CE
Clovis I of the Franks
This is a social and political system that developed in Europe which organized society based on land ownership, loyalty, and military service, especially in a time when there were no strong central governments to provide security or protection
What is feudalism?
President Obama compared this Islamic terrorist group to Christian Crusaders.
What is ISIS?
The Reconquista lasted for this many years
What is 800 years?
One way the Catholic church impacted the political system in the Middle Ages
What is the Pope often choose many of the kings of Europe?
A special promise made by the Catholic Church that if someone joined or supported the Crusades, their sins would be forgiven, and they would be able to enter heaven
What is an indulgence?
The economic system in the Middle Ages where lords owned large estates and peasants or serfs worked the land in exchange for protection and a place to live
What is manorialism?
This is is the practice of confining Jews to walled areas within Christian cities during the Middle Ages?
What is a ghetto?
Charlemagne, the King of the Franks, is crowned as the first Emperor of Rome in over 400 years by Pope Leo II for this reason.
Pope Leo II needed an army to fight Muslim warriors and the Kingdom of the Franks had the largest army.
Two reason the "Dark Ages" were considered dark.
What is loss of knowledge (ability to read and write in Latin) and/or racism.
The four reasons for the Crusades.
Social, economic, religious, and political
The differences between feudalism and manorialism
Manorialism was an economic structure, which described how pieces of land were managed. Feudalism was a social structure rooted in an exchange of land for military service
This is the color of clothing Jews were forced to wear while living in ghettos within Christian cities in Medieval Europe.
What is yellow or red-colored clothing?