Unlocking Memory: From short to long-term
___ suggested that people can remember about 7 items, give or take 2. So, we, usually can remember between 5 and 9 items.
Who is George Miller?
People have trouble learning new material because previously learned material keeps interfering with their new learning.
What is proactive interference?
“Short-Term Memory” is an ___ process; working memory is an ___ process.
What is passive and active?
A neuroscience technique that uses a magnetic field to briefly stimulate a specific location on the cortex.
What is a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)?
The memory systems that is responsible for holding onto a small amount of information that has recently been taken in from the environment.
What is Short-Term Memory?
According to the Atkinson & Shiffrin’s model, information is stored in sensory memory for ________, and then most of it is forgotten.
What is 2 seconds or less?
___ processes language and other sounds that you make and/or hear.
What is phonological loop?
A _________ processes both visual and spatial information.
What is a visuospatial sketchpad?
The memory system that has a large capacity & contains your memories for experiences and information that we have accumulated throughout our lifetime.
What is Long-Term Memory?
The brief, immediate memory for the limited amount of material that you are currently processing; some of which also actively coordinates your ongoing mental activities.
What is working memory?
When you silently pronounce the words that you’re reading.
What is subvocalization?
In general, the neuroscience research suggests that visual and spatial tasks typically activate several regions in the ___ ____, rather than the ___ __.
What is the right hemisphere and left hemisphere?
A technique a involves presenting participants with some items that they are instructed to remember. Participants will then have to perform a distracting task, and then asked to recall the original items.
What is the Brown/Peterson & Peterson Technique?
____ and ____ agreed that short-term memory’s major function is to hold several interrelated bits of information in our mind, all at the same time, so that a person can work with this information and then use it appropriately.
Who are Alan Baddeley and Graham Hitch?
When you silently remind yourself about something you need to do in the future or how to use some complicated equipment.
What is self-instruction?
Integrates information from the phonological loop, the visuospatial sketchpad, the episodic buffer, and long-term memory.
What is the central executive?
___ is having a better recall for items at the end of the list; ___ is having enhanced recall for items at the beginning of the list.
What is recency effect and primacy effect?
Our immediate memory is a multi-part system that temporarily holds and manipulates information while we perform cognitive tasks.
What is the working-memory approach?
____ and ____’s 1974 study suggested that people can indeed perform 2 tasks simultaneously.
Who are Baddeley and Hitch?
Serves as a temporary storehouse that can hold and combine information from your long-term memory, phonological loop, etc.
What is an episodic buffer?