Stress
What is the appraisal of a stressful event?
How we evaluate the events that happen to us (Primary appraisal = judgement about the degree of potential threat to well-being. Secondary appraisal = how to cope with the stress)
How many levels of consciousness are there according to Freud?
2 - conscious and unconscious
What’s a self serving bias?
Tendency of an individual to take credit by making dispositional or internal attributions for positive outcomes but situational or external attributions for negative outcomes.
What are threats to job security?
Downsizing
merges
acquisition
What does social anxiety look like?
Extreme or persistent fear or anxiety and avoidance of social situations where one can be negatively evaluated
What is a fight or flight response?
The physiological reaction that occurs when an individual encounters a perceived threat
What are the levels of personality? (Freud)
Id - me me me
ego - compromise
superego - others
What are social norms?
group expectation of what is appropriate and acceptable behavior for its members
Which psychological theory is commonly used to understand employee motivation?
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs or Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
What are examples of the common symptoms of schizophrenia?
Hallucinations and delusions (e.g., seeing/hearing/tasting things, paranoid delusions, grandiose delusions, somatic delusions)
What are the three categories of stress?
Physiological – stress on the body
Psychological – stress from life events
Sociocultural – stress from forces that affect social/cultural groups
What is the bottom tier of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?
Physiological needs: air, water, food
What was the Stanford Prison Experiment?
Conducted by Philip Zimbardo (1971)
A mock prison was constructed and male college students were randomly assigned to play the role of prisoners or guards
What is the Hawthorne effect?
The tendency for people to change their behavior because they are being observed.
What does the diathesis-stress model tell us?
Integrates biological and psychological factors to predict the likelihood of a disorder
Which part of your nervous system gets activated during a fight or flight response?
Sympathetic nervous system
What’s the first stage of Erickson’s psychosocial stages of development?
Trust vs mistrust: 0-1 yrs old
trusting that basic needs will be met
What is cognitive dissonance?
Psychological discomfort arising from holding two or more inconsistent attitudes, behaviors, or cognitions
What is the difference between obsessions and compulsions in OCD?
Obsessions are intrusive thoughts, compulsions are repetitive behaviors
How do you reduce cognitive dissonance?
Change their behavior, Change their belief through rationalization or denial, or Add a new cognition