Vocabulary
An acquired neurological communication disorder that results in impairment in expressive and receptive language but not intellect.
What is Aphasia?
Results from a lesion anterior of the central sulcus. Characterized by effortful, agrammatic speech, good auditory comprehension and awareness of speech errors.
What is Broca's Aphasia
Results from large lesions involving Broca's and Wernicke's area. Language characterized by severe impairments across all language modalities.
What is Global Aphasia?
Large perisylvian lesion, including frontal and temporal lobes and often the parietal lobe.
What is Global Aphasia?
Impairment of writing with a lexical-semantic written breakdown. Links betwen written words and their meanings are disrupted.
A word substitution that could be either phonemic or semantic in nature.
What is a Paraphasia?
Results from a lesion in the posterior portion of the superior temporal gyrus. Characterized by poor auditory comprehension, empty speech with paraphasias and neologisms, and limited error awareness.
What is Wernicke's Aphasia?
Gradual loss of ability to communicate and understand spoken and written language. Specific symptoms depend on the parts of the brain that are affected. Actually a form of dementia.
What is Primary Progressive Aphasia?
Posterior portion of the superior temporal gyrus, Brodmann 22.
What is Wernicke's Aphasia.
Sounds and sight words are impaired, with difficulty understanding the meaning of written words. Abstract, low-frequency words are most difficult. Semantic errors are present in oral reading.
What is Central Alexia?
The repetition of a word or phrase when trying to express one's self. For example, "chicken, chicken, chicken".
What is a Perseveration?
Site of lesion is variable. Primary language characteristic is decreased word retrieval.
What is Anomic Aphasia?
Broca's Aphasia, Transcortical Motor Aphasia and Global Aphasia.
What are non-fluent aphasias?
Inferior frontal lobe, Brodmann 44 and 45 (third frontal convolution frontal operculum)
What is Broca's aphasia?
An impairment in motor programming and sequencing of movements of the articulators that may accompany non-fluent aphasia.
What is Apraxia of Speech?
The act of "talking around" what one is trying to say. For example, "you know those things you wear on your feet."
What is a Circumlocution?
Results from a lesion involving the arcuate fasciculus. Good auditory comprehension, good recognition of errors with repeated attempts at correction, difficulty with word retrieval, and repetition.
What is Conduction Aphasia
What are Fluent Aphasias?
Acrulate fasciculus, supramarginal gyrus - Brodmann area 40.
What is Conduction Aphasia?
This measure of discourse is calculated by dividing the total number of words in a sample by the number of correct content units. It provides a measure for the appropriate use of words in a picture description.
What is the Index of Lexical Efficiency?
In fluent aphasia, a person's speech may be faster than a typical speaker.
What is Logorrhea?
You have difficulty comprehending language, although your speech is fluent. Your sentences may have no obvious meaning or "empty" and circumlocutionary. Your repetition is good but you have "ready made" stereotypical speech and echolalia.
What is Transcortical Sensory Aphasia?
Your speech is fluent but varies when drowsy. Your comprehension of language is relatively good but you have reduced spontaneous speech.
What is Subcortical Thalamic Aphasia?
Frontal lobe, watershed regions, Brodmann's areas 6, 8, 9, 10, and 46.
What is Transcortical Motor Aphasia?
You are unable to recognize familiar objects and faces despite preserved visual acuity and visual field functions.
What is Visual Agnosia?