DNA Structure
The building blocks of DNA
Nucleotides
These two scientists are most famous for proposing the double-helix model of DNA in 1953.
Watson and Crick
This process makes an identical copy of a DNA molecule before a cell divides.
DNA Replication
A DNA molecule has this overall shape, often described as a twisted ladder.
Double helix
Name one function of DNA
Storing genetic information
These are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA.
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
Chargaff's Rule
The amount of adenine in DNA is approximately equal to the amount of thymine, and guanine is approximately equal to cytosine.
The first step of DNA replication
Unzip the DNA
These bonds hold complementary nitrogenous bases together between the two DNA strands.
Hydrogen bonds
Name a second function of DNA
Make copies
Adenine pairs with this base, while cytosine pairs with this base.
Thymine...guanine
This scientist used X-ray diffraction to produce Photo 51.
Rosalind Franklin
These are broken when unzipping the DNA
The full name of DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Name a third function of DNA
Instructions for proteins
Each DNA nucleotide is made of three parts: a phosphate group, a sugar, and this type of molecule.
Nitrogen base
Chargaff's findings helped Watson and Crick determine that these two DNA bases should pair with each other.
A with T, C with G
This enzyme adds complementary nucleotides to the growing DNA strand.
Helicase
If one DNA strand has the sequence ATGCC, this is the complementary strand written in the correct direction.
TACGG
Which part of the DNA codes for traits?
The nitrogen bases
The backbone is constructed of these two pieces of a nucleotide.
Sugar and phosphate.
Franklin's X-ray diffraction data, Chargaff's base ratios, and knowledge of chemical bonding all contributed to this major discovery by Watson and Crick.
The structure of DNA
DNA replication is called this because each new DNA molecule contains one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.
Semiconservative
The three parts of a nucleotide
Phosphate, sugar, nitrogen base
Why can a jellyfish gene be transferred to a cat?
Because all living things use A, T, C and G