Intraspecific Population Regulation
Density dependent population growth will lead to either a decrease in fecundity an increase in _______ or both
mortality
The process by which two species undergo reciprocal evolutionary change due to reciprocal natural selection for example a prey that becomes better at escaping will lead to predators that are better at stalking is known as?
coevolution
There are this many potential outcomes of competition between 2 species.
4
This is the term for the hunting strategy with a short search period, but a long and energetically costly chase.
pursuit
A clear sign of immune response from a parasitic infection and the first-line of defense from a host is _________
inflammation
Plants assimilate energy from solar radiation through this process
photosynthesis
Vegetative litter degrades into a homogenous organic component of soil known as
humus
exploitation
The total habitable space meeting a species needs is known as its
fundamental niche
This is the process by which competing species use the environment in different ways to coexist, reducing direct competition.
Niche partitioning
This functional response occurs when the rate at which prey are consumed is low at first, increasing in a sigmoid fashion as the rate of predation approaches the maximum value, often due to prey behavior like escape or hiding that limits predator success when prey populations are low
Type III
Disregarding its size classification, a tapeworm is an example of what kind of parasite?
endoparasite
Which factor is the primary control of productivity in aquatic systems?
light
The rate of decomposition is greatest in these two types of environments
warm and moist
This form of competition occurs when growth and reproduction are depressed equally across individuals as competition intensity increases, a common example is planktonic species competing.
Scramble competition
This is a term used for when the effects of sharing space lead to partitioning of resources and divergence of traits reflected by phenotypic plasticity
adaptive radiation
The occupation of space by a barnacle precludes the establishment of another species, this is referred to as _______ ________
preemptive competition
numerical response
This type of mutualist cannot survive without the interaction.
obligate
This is the term used when assimilated energy is used for production of new tissue
secondary production
The decomposition of suspended organic matter and resulting nutrient recycling in the water column critical for fueling primary production is called the
microbial loop
contrary to the availability of key resources, a stochastic event could be described as what relative to density?
independent
An epiphyte living on the bark of a tree can be described by what type of relationship?
commensalism
When a change in an abiotic factor like temperature allows creek chubs to drastically shoot up in population compared to trouts this highlights what well-demonstrated principle?
competitive exclusion principle
Some organisms living in the same habitat with inedible species evolve a coloration that resembles the warning coloration of the toxic species. This is referred to as _________ __________
Batesian mimicry
Plant parasites that are photosynthetic but draw water and nutrients from their hosts are known as
hemiparasites
This color of light has wavelengths that are most efficient for photosynthesis
red
Process by which nutrients are converted from an organic to inorganic form that is useable by photoautotrophs is called
Mineralization
This is the term for the negative impact when population densities are too low
Alee effect
A fungi that naturally produces an antibiotic like penicillin in relation to the nearby bacterial colonies could be described as what kind of relationship?
amensalism
This is an interspecific competitive response characterized as a chemical interaction that limits growth or kills another organism in plants
allelopathy
Describes the similarity in color patterns among many unpalatable or venomous species.
Mullerian mimicry
This type of parasitic strategy is typically the case when a situation of originally commensal parasitism becomes mutualistic through an evolutionary shift
vertical transmission
The river continuum concept suggest that this source of carbon is more prevalent and important in headwater streams.
Allochthonous
This is the most recalcitrant form of carbon
Lignin