Phineas Life
What did Phineas do for work?
A foreman on a railroad jobsite-blew up rock
Believed the brain functioned as one "interconnected mind"
Whole brainers
This part of the brain is in charge of the decision making and impulse control and is not fully developed in adolescents.
Prefrontal Cortex
Children had to resist this tasty treat in a delayed reward test.
What is a Phrenologist?
Someone who claims to be able to read your character from the shape and texture/bumps of your skull.
What went through Phineas's skull?
A tamping iron
Believed the brain had specific areas (organs) for specific functions
Localizers/Phrenologists
This part of the brain is in charge of feeling excitement/reward from risk-taking and is fully developed in adolescents
Limbic System
Self-control/restraint
When did Phineas Gage leave for New England?
August 1852
How was Phineas before the accident? After?
Before, he was hardworking and easy to get along with. After, he was rude, impatient, profane, and childish.
Believed if one part of the brain was injured, the other parts of the brain would pick up the slack.
Whole brainers
Developmental Mismatch deals with these two parts of the brain
Participants with brain injuries and without brain injuries were both given the same list of items to shop for at the same stores as efficiently as possible.
What did this experiment measure?
Ability to plan/make decisions.
What is an closed brain injury?
Brain dysfunction caused by an outside force, usually a violent blow to the head, or a harsh concussion.
stagecoach driver, horse stable boy, showman at Barnum's, farmhand
Believed if one organ of the brain was stronger, it would create a bump on the skull. Weaker ones would create dips
Localizers/phrenologists
What part of the brain did the tamping iron hit Phineas in?
Prefrontal Lobe/Cerebral Cortex
Mice who were around other adolescent mice drank more alcohol than adult mice. What adolescent behavior is this an example of?
Peer influence/pressure
True or False:
The doctors aren't wearing surgical gloves during Phineas Gage's surgery.
True
How did Phineas Gage die?
Many seizures and hyporthermia
Phineas's doctor, Dr. Harlow, was a ______
localizer/phrenologist
In SEL we learned about one part of the brain that is nicknamed the "feelings alarm".
What is its actual name?
Amygdala
Children were placed in front of a marshmallow and told not to eat it. If they didn't eat it, they'd receive a second marshmallow.
What did this experiment measure?
Self-control/restraint.
What state did Phineas's mother move to after living in New Hampshire?
California