The basics
A Bronsted-Lowry acid is defined as a substance that does this to a proton
what donates it?
This type of acid is characterized by dissociating 100% in water.
What is a strong acid?
This type of solution is designed to resist large changes in pH
What is a buffer?
This is the point on a titration curve where the moles of acid and base are equal
What is the equivalence point?
Between HBr and HI, this one is the stronger acid
What is HI?
This is the name of the H3O+ ion
What is the hydronium ion?
For a week acid equilibrium, the reaction favors this side, meaning most molecules stay together.
What are the reactants?
A buffer must contain a weak acid and its corresponding ______.
What is a conjugate base
In a weak acid/strong base titration, the pH at the equivalence point will be in this range.
What is above 7?
In oxyacids, acid strength increases as the number of these atoms increases
This term describes a substance, like water, that can act as both an acid and a base
what is amphiprotic?
This constant (Ka) is used to measure the strength of a weak acid.
What is the acid dissociation constant?
When a buffer has equal amounts of acid and base, the pH is equal to this value
What is the pKa?
This flat region of a titration curve occurs halfway to the equivalence point
What is the buffer region?
A salt made from a strong acid and a strong base will have this pH
What is 7
On the pH scale (0-14), a solution with this specific pH is considered neutral
What is 7?
Between an acid with a Ka of 10^-3 and one with 10^-8, this one is stronger
What is the acid with Ka=10^-3?
If you add a strong base to an HF/F^- buffer, this specific component will neutralize it
What is HF(the weak acid)?
If a titration curve starts at a pH of 4 or 5, you are titrating this type of acid
What is a weak acid?
This periodic trend is used to explain why HClO is stronger than HBrO.
What is electronegativity?
As the concentration of H+ ions in a solution increases, the pH value does this
What is decreased?
In a conjugate acid-base pair, if the acid is very strong, its conjugate base will be this
What is very weak?
This term describes the amount of acid or base a buffer can neutralize before the pH changes significantly
What is buffer capacity
This is the point in a titration when the indicator actually changes color
What is the end point?
Carboxylic acids are acidic because this effect stabilizes their conjugate base.
What is resonance?