7th Chapter 4

4A

100

Alleles with a dominant trait are represented with a ___________ letter.

uppercase

200

What is a genotype? 

the letters that symbolize an organism’s alleles for a specific gene

300

List the three principals of Heredity?

• In a cross of purebred parents, all offspring will show the dominant trait.

• For any one character, the two alleles for a parent’s gene separate and then combine with the other parent’s alleles to determine the offspring’s trait.
• A parent passes each allele to its offspring independently of all other alleles.

400

A cross with purebred pea round plants and purebred pea square plants resulted in all the pea plants being round. What is the recessive trait? 

pea plants that are square

500

Which of the following is a phenotype? 

a-Bb

b-brown fur

c-flower plant

d-Punnett Square

4B

100

A Ss genotype crosses with a ss genotype. What genotypes would you expect the offspring to have? 

Some Ss + ss

200

A purebred deer with big antlers (AA) and the mother is a purebred for not having antlers (aa). What will the genotype's child have? 

All Aa

300

Provide an example of incomplete dominance. 

• Hybrid offspring have a phenotype that blends two parent phenotypes. 

400

Provide me with an example of codominance in your own words. 

The phenotypes of the parents are there but they are not blended.

500

Which of the following is a example of multiple alleles? 

a-interaction of two genes will result in the offspring having long, medium, or short hair

b-Gene that controls fur color in rabbits has 4 different alleles

c-human eye contains 16 different genes

d-a red bull crosses with a white bull and the offspring is a red calf

b

4B

100

One parent with the allele IA crosses with a parent with IB allele. what will the child's blood type be? 

Type AB 

200

What is the definition of polygenic inheritance? 

Give me an example of this. 

two or more genes interact to produce a single trait

Human eye color

300

If a parent with the blood type A (IAi) crosses with a parent with the blood type O (ii) what are the possible genotypes the child would have? 

Draw Punnett Square

400

Explain to me what a hybrid organism is? and give me an example of their genotype? 

an organism with a mix of alleles for a specific character

Bb

500

Is this an example of simple dominance? 

The pod color of pea plants is controlled by only one gene that has only two possible alleles. 

yes

4C

100

What is Genetic Drift? 

• to the process in which the ratio of alleles in a population changes randomly over time.

200

What kind of population is Genetic Drift most likely to occur in? 

Smaller populations

300

What is Artificial Selection? 

When people breed animals and plants for specific traits

400

What is natural selection? 

the process in which organisms with certain adaptations survive to pass on their traits to a greater number of offsprings. 

500

What 3 things have to be true for natural selection to occur? 

• There is variation in a population.

• This variation is passed down from one generation to another.

• The variation makes an organism more likely to survive and reproduce.