Cells
What is the basic building block of life?
Cell
What are the two main parts of the musculoskeletal system?
Muscles and bones.
What is the liquid part of blood called?
Plasma.
What muscle helps the lungs expand during inhalation?
The diaphragm.
What is the first step in the digestive process?
Ingestion (eating food).
What are the two main parts of the nervous system?
Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
What hormone does the pancreas secrete to decrease blood sugar levels?
Insulin
What is the function of white blood cells?
To protect the body against pathogens.
What do we call a group of cells that work together?
Tissue
Fill in the blanks: Tendons connect _______ to _______
Muscles to bones
What is the major thing carried by red blood cells AND what protein helps them carry this?
Oxygen and the protein is Hemoglobin
What structure covers the trachea when swallowing?
The epiglottis.
What is the main function of the small intestine?
Absorption of nutrients.
An automatic response to a stimulus is called a ________.
Reflex action
Where does fertilization occur in the female body?
In the fallopian tube.
What is a pathogen?
A biological agent that causes disease.
What term describes all organ systems working together?
An organism
How many bones are in the adult human body?
206 bones
What are the four major blood types?
A, B, AB, and O.
Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs? (structure of the lungs)
In the alveoli.
What organ produces bile?
The liver.
What type of neuron carries signals from sensory receptors to the CNS?
Sensory neurons.
What is the main function of the ovaries?(2 things)
To produce estrogen and eggs.
Name a method by which diseases spread.
Physical contact
Indirect contact (ex. sneezing, coughing)
Vectors
What is the process of maintaining balance in the body called?
Homeostasis
What type of joint allows for bending and straightening? (Such as at the elbow)
Hinge Joint
What is the pathway of deoxygenated blood? (_____ -> _____ -> _____ )
Body Cells → Heart → Lungs.
What is the process of breathing out called?
Exhalation.
What is the main function of the kidneys?
To filter the blood
What part of the brain controls balance and coordination?
Cerebellum.
What is the primary male reproductive organ?
Testes/Testicles
What is the name of the proteins made by white blood cells that attach to pathogens?
Antibodies
True or False: Every living thing is made up of many body systems.
False! Our body systems unit is based on the human body, but there are organisms that are only made of one cell (unicellular)!
Name the three types of muscle.
Voluntary/Skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle.
What are the three types of blood vessels?
Arteries, veins, and capillaries.
The trachea branches off into structures called ______.
Bronchi
What is the name of the structure where urine exits the body?
Urethra
What is the name of the molecules that transmit signals across synapses from one neuron to another?
Neurotransmitters
What is a process that stops hormone secretion when the desired outcome is reached called?
Negative feedback loop
Vaccines only work on what type of pathogen?
Viruses