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What do you call the main source of energy for the body? They also provide the raw material for many of the structural components of cells.
Carbohydrates
Nutrients that do not come from living things and are necessary, in very small amounts, to carry out vital chemical processes in the body are called?
Minerals
What is peristalsis?
Series of muscle contractions that helps move food through the digestive tract.
This is a small organ that stores bile and releases it as needed after eating a meal.
Gall Bladder
These contain twice as much energy as any other nutrient, cushions your organs, and supports your internal organs. They also help insulate your body from the cold and comprise the majority of cell membranes.
Fats
This is an essential nutrient that makes up the majority of a person’s weight and is needed to carry out virtually all of the body’s processes.
Water
What is the J-shaped muscular pouch where the majority of mechanical digestion and the partial digestion of proteins take place?
Stomach
Which is the organ that aids in digestion by producing enzymes that break down starches, proteins, and fats and sends those enzymes into the small intestine to digest food?
Pancreas
What is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius? This term refers to the amount of energy in food.
Calorie
What are enzymes?
Proteins designed to carry out and speed up chemical reactions in living things.
What is the organ where the majority of chemical digestion takes place and the site where nutrients are passed into the bloodstream?
Small intestine
What is the name of the organ that receives the waste products of undigested food and prepares them for elimination from the body, as well as removes excess water from those waste materials and houses a host of healthy bacteria that produce essential vitamins?
Large intestine
What was the name of the first doctor to study chemical digestion? How did he do this?
Dr. William Beaumont once treated a man who had a gunshot wound in his stomach and he chose to study this by tying a string to a piece of food and observing what happened to the food through the gunshot wound.
What is the name of the nutrient composed of amino acids and used for tissue growth and repair, and play an important part in chemical reactions within cells?
Proteins
What do you call the organ that is about 10 inches long, made out of muscles, and carries food from your mouth to your stomach?
Esophagus
The bumps that cover the inner surface of the small intestine and provide a large surface area through which digested food is absorbed are called?
Villi
What are the six basic nutrients?
The six basic nutrients are carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water.
How does digestion happen in the small intestine?
The small intestine performs the majority of chemical digestion. Enzymes break down starches, proteins, and fats. The nutrient molecules are then passed into the bloodstream by way of finger-like projections called villi.
What word describes the 13 nutrients needed in very small amounts that act like helper molecules for a variety of chemical processes that take place inside of you? Tip: They come from living things.
Vitamins
What is the epiglottis?
Flap of skin that closes when you swallow to prevent food from going down the windpipe.
What organ aids in over 500 body processes, aids in digestion, and produces a substance called bile?
Liver
Describe how mechanical and chemical digestion happens in the mouth.
The mouth starts mechanical digestion by chewing food. The mouth also starts chemical digestion by way of saliva which contains the enzyme amylase. Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates.
Describe how mechnical and chemical digestion happen in the stomach.
The stomach performs the majority of mechanical digestion by churning and mashing food. In addition, the enzyme pepsin begins the breakdown of proteins, and hydrochloric acid helps break down all the food in the stomach.