Cell Structure & Function
This structure is known as the powerhouse of the cell
what is mitochondria
This is the process plant cells use to turn sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into food.
what is photosynthesis
This molecule looks like a twisted ladder and holds all genetic code for a living organism
what is DNA
This system includes the heart and blood vessels, moving oxygen and nutrients throughout the body.
what is the circulatory system
Organisms that must eat other living things to get energy are given this scientific name
what are consumers
This jelly-like fluid fills the inside of a cell and holds all the organelles in place.
What is cytoplasm
This cellular process breaks down glucose to release energy when oxygen is present
what is cellular respiration
This type of allele always masks or hides a recessive allele when they are paired together
what is a dominant allele
This system removes liquid and gaseous waste from the body to keep internal conditions balanced
what is the excretory system
A structure that used to serve a purpose but no longer does
what is vestigial
This thin, flexible barrier surrounds all cells and controls what goes in and out.
what is the cell membrane
This type of cell division creates two identical daughter cells for growth and tissue repair
This four-box grid tool predicts the mathematical probability of an offspring inheriting specific traits.
what is a Punnett square
This is the scientific term for the body's ability to maintain a stable, balanced internal environment
what is homeostasis
This process explains how organisms with traits best suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce
what is natural selection
These tiny structures are responsible for making proteins inside the cell
what are ribosomes
This is the passive movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane.
what is osmosis
This is the scientific word for the physical appearance of an organism, like having blue eyes
what is a phenotype
These tiny, finger-like projections in the small intestine absorb nutrients into the bloodstream.
what are villi
This ecological term describes the maximum population size that an environment can sustainably support
what is carrying capacity
This organelle breaks down waste, old cell parts, and foreign invaders like a cell's trash disposal.
what is lysosome
In cell division, what is the splitting of cytoplasm called?
what is cytokinesis
An organism that inherits two different alleles for a trait (like one dominant and one recessive) is called this
what is heterozygous
This system uses chemical messengers called hormones to regulate growth, mood, and metabolism
what is the endocrine system
These are the physical or behavioral traits that help an organism survive in its specific habitat.
what are adaptations