Genetics
Heredity
Vocabulary
Punnett Squares
Random
100
What is genetics?
The study of heredity.
100
What is heredity?
The passage of genetic instructions (traits) from parent to offspring.
100

What are alleles?

Variations of a gene relating to the same

100
Some genes can be hidden or covered up by another. These are considered to be-
Recessive
100
How are traits passed from parent to offspring?
Through genes during reproduction
200
Where are genes located?
In the chromosomes
200
Who first studied heredity and the passage of traits from one generation to the next?
Gregor Mendel
200

What are chromosomes?

a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information

200
What is the punnet square used for?
To determine the outcome of genetic crossings.
200
Name two traits that could be inherited from a parent?
Examples: hair color, eye color, height, skin color, freckles, etc...
300
What are the threadlike structures of DNA that carry genes called?
Chromosomes
300
What type of organism did Gregor Mendel use to first study heredity?
Pea Plants
300

What is heterozygous vs. homozygous? (HINT: Define both)

Having two different alleles for a trait vs. Having two of the same alleles for a trait

300
A black chicken (BB) is crossed with a black chicken (BB). What percentage of offspring will be black?
100%
300
Why does a Punnet Square use capital and lowercase letters?
Capital = Dominant Trait Lower Case = Recessive Trait
400
Inherited traits that children get from their parents come from-
Genes
400
The physical trait observed in an offspring is known as it's -
Phenotype
400

What is "a characteristic of an organism controlled by genetics" and where do offspring get it from?

Trait and parents

400
Having dimples is dominant (D). Not having dimples is recessive. (d) Both parents are heterozygous for the dominant trait. What percentage of the children will NOT have dimples?
25%
400
How many parents are involved in asexual reproduction?
One
500
What do we call the genetic make up of the individual, represented by a set of letters?
Genotype
500
How many chromomsomes do humans have?
46 or 23 pair
500

What is the difference between a genotype and phenotype? Give an example of each one. 

A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, while the phenotype is the physical appearance of an organism.

Ex. Rr; Blue eyes

500
Long ears are dominant (E) in rabbits. If one parent is homozygous dominant for the long ear trait and the other homozygours reccessive (e), what is the only possible genotype of the offspring?
Ee
500
Two dark brown rabbits have four offspring. Three of the offspring are dark and one is white. What does this tell you about the parents' genes for fur color?
Dark brown is dominant and white fur is recessive. Both parents are heterozygous.
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