7th Grade Genetics

Genetics

1

What is genetics?

The study of heredity.

2

What Nitrogenous base pairs with Thymine?

Adenine

3

What are the threadlike structures of DNA that carry genes called?

Chromosomes

4

Inherited traits that children get from their parents come from-

Genes

5

What do we call the genetic make up of the individual, represented by a set of letters?

Genotype

Heredity

1

What is heredity?

The passage of genetic instructions (traits) from parent to offspring.

2

Who first studied heredity and the passage of traits from one generation to the next?

Gregor Mendel

3

What type of organism did Gregor Mendel use to first study heredity?

Pea Plants

4

The physical trait observed in an offspring is known as it's -

Phenotype

5

How many chromomsomes do humans have?

46 or 23 pair

Reproduction

1

Sexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically _____________.

Unique

2

Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically ____________ to the parent.

Identical

3

If you are studying a population of genetically identical individuals, you can conclude that these individuals reproduce how?

Asexually

4

For some traits, only one copy of a particular gene is needed to show a given trait. These genes are referred to as-

Dominant

5

The sorting of chromosomes during sexual reproduction, determines -

Which traits are passed on to the offspring

Punnet Squares

1

Some genes can be hidden or covered up by another. These are considered to be-

Recessive

2

What is the punnet square used for?

To determine the potential outcome of genetic crossings.

3

A black chicken (Bb) is crossed with a black chicken (Bb). What percentage of offspring will be black?

75%

4

Having dimples is dominant (D). Not having dimples is recessive. (d) Both parents are heterozygous for the dominant trait. What percentage of the children will NOT have dimples?

25%

5

Long ears are dominant (E) in rabbits. If one parent is homozygous dominant for the long ear trait and the other homozygous recessive (e), what is the only possible genotype of the offspring?

Ee

Misc

1

Create the complementary strand for AGC TTA GCT ACT?

TCG AAT CGA TGA

2

Name two traits that could be inherited from a parent?

Examples: hair color, eye color, height, skin color, freckles, etc...

3

Why does a Punnet Square use capital and lowercase letters?

Capital = Dominant Trait Lower Case = Recessive Trait

4

How many parents are involved in asexual reproduction?

One

5

Two dark brown rabbits have four offspring. Three of the offspring are dark and one is white. What does this tell you about the parents' genes for fur color?

Dark brown is dominant and white fur is recessive. Both parents are heterozygous.