Living Things
Which of the following defines heredity?
A. the study of how behaviors are passed on from parent to offspring
B. the manipulated changing of a trait in an organism
C. the passage of genetic instructions from one generation to the next
D. the ability of organisms to adapt to their environment
C. the passage of genetic instructions from one generation to the next.
A gene or trait that appears or expresses itself over a recessive trait is called a/an
a. influential gene
b. mutation
c. dominant gene
d. chromosome
c. dominant gene
Some organisms reproductive systems require only one parent. What is the name for this type of reproduction?
a. sexual reproduction
b. monoproduction
c. asexual reproduction
d. singular production
c. asexual reproduction
In which form of reproduction will the offspring differ most from the parent?
a. spores
b. budding
c. sexual
d. binary fission
c. sexual
Julia saw a robin raising 2 blue jay chicks. Julia now thinks that it is possible for a robin to be a biological parent to blue jays. Is Julia's assumption correct?
a. No, it is not possible because a robin can only pass robin genes on to its offspring.
b. Yes, it is possible for one species of animal to give birth to another species.
c. No, it is not possible because robins do not like blue jays.
d. Yes, it is possible if the robin's eggs were fertilized with blue jay sperm.
a. No, it is not possible because a robin can only pass robin genes on to its offspring.
Which of the following is NOT an example of natural selection?
A. people breeding dogs to be less aggressive
B. bacteria populations becoming resistant to antibiotics
C. bird beak shapes becoming more dominant due to available food
D. moths becoming darker over generations during a time of heavy pollution
A. people breeding dogs to be less aggressive
The male sex cell is the _________, whereas the female sex cell is the ___________.
a. sperm, egg
b. chromosome, gene
c. recessive, dominant
d. egg, sperm
a. sperm, egg
A dog breeder selects only his best animals to breed. What is this process called?
A. natural selection
B. artificial selection
C. artificial variation
D. survival of the fittest
B. artificial selection
Which of the following is true for organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait?
A. They are hybrids.
B. They are homozygous.
C. They are heterozygous.
D. They are dominant.
B. They are homozygous.
Arial's home is sprayed with a pesticide to control an insect pest. She didn't see any of the insects for a long period of time, but eventually she begins to see insects again. The next time the exterminator sprayed her house, they used the same pesticide, and it had no effect on the insect pest. What is the best way to explain this change in survivor-ship of the pests' population?
a. The original insect population did not pass on their genes to their offspring.
b. The insects learned to avoid the pesticide.
c. The insects with pesticide-resistant traits survived and reproduced.
d. The original insect population was not very diverse.
c. THe insects with pesticide-resistant traits survived and reproduced.
Many organisms, including most animals, are able to move around from place to place. The ability to move around is called locomotion. What advantages does locomotion give to an animal?
a. The ability to find food and reproduce
b. The ability to reproduce and grow
c. The ability to grow and digest food
d. The ability to escape danger and find food and shelter
d. The ability to escape danger and find food and shelter
All of these can be inherited by people EXCEPT
a. height
b. eye color
c. blood type
d. language
d. language
Both of Tim's parents have brown eyes, but Tim has blue eye. How is this possible?
a. The characteristic (blue eyes) is carried in a recessive gene
b. Eye color is not a genetic trait.
c. This characteristic (blue eyes) must be carried in the dominant gene.
d. all of these.
a. THe characteristic (blue eyes) is carried in a recessive gene
Widespread use of chemical pesticides has been linked to harmful mutations in many wild chipmunk populations. For a mutation to affect the next generation of chipmunks, it must have altered the genetic code in the chipmunk's
a. skin cells
b. cardiac cells
c. muscle cells
d. reproductive cells
d. reproductive cells
Just like animals, plants are made of cells, tissues, and organs. Most plants have all of the following organs EXCEPT
a. roots
b. leaves
c. heart
d. reproductive organs
c. a heart
What is involved in the process of artificial selection?
A. An organism with a beneficial trait is more likely to survive.
B. An animals' genes undergo a mutation that produces a certain trait.
C. Animals mate randomly,and a beneficial trait emerges in the offspring.
D. Humans select animals to breed that create offspring with desired traits.
D. Humans select animals to breed that create offspring with desired traits.
In people, brown hair (B) is dominant over red hair (b). If a husband is Bb and his wife is bb, what is the probability that their first baby will have brown hair?
a. 100%
b. 50%
c. 75%
d. 25%
b 50%
In squirrels, the gene for gray fur (G) is dominant over the gene for black fur (g). If 50% of a large litter of squirrels are gray, what was the most likely parental cross?
A. GO × GO
B. Gg × gg
C. gg × gg
D. GG × Gg
B. Gg x gg
Each parent gives one sex chromosome to their offspring. Whose chromosome determines the sex of the child?
A. father
B. mother
C. grandfather
D. grandmother
a. father
In a living organism, what is a cell?
a. a group of cells that regulates the body's responses to internal and external stimuli
b. a building block of all organisms; the smallest unit that can carry on the activities of life
c. a group of similar cells that perform a common function
d. the shell or skin of an organism
b. a building block of all organisms; the smallest unit that can carry on the activities of life
If an environment experiences change, which BEST predicts the population that is MOST LIKELY to survive?
A. the population that reproduces asexually and undergoes mitosis
B. the population that reproduces sexually and undergoes mitosis
C. the population that reproduces asexually and undergoes meiosis
D. the population that reproduces sexually and undergoes meiosis
D. the population that reproduces sexually and undergoes meiosis
In some animals brown eyes (B) are dominant over blue eyes(b). Which of these genotypes will complete this Punnett Square?
a. bb
b. B
c. BB
d. Bb
d. Bb
A chart that shows the genes in a cross between two organisms is called a/an
a. bar graph
b. dichotomous key
c. punnett square
d. cladogram
c. Punnett square
The environment of a particular species of rabbit is becoming colder over time. Rabbits with wich of the following traits will best be able to survive and reproduce?
a. shorter legs
b. thicker fur
c. longer ears
d. longer whiskers
b. thicker fur
Genes contain instructions for making which of the following?
A. fats
B. carbohydrates
C. proteins
D. minerals
c. proteins