Famous Explorers
Sailing for both the Netherlands and England, he explored the river and bay in present-day New York that now bear his name.
Who is Henry Hudson?
This term describes the vast movement of plants, animals, people, and ideas between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres after 1492.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
Purchased from France in 1803 for 15 million dollars, this massive land acquisition instantly doubled the physical size of the United States.
What is the Louisiana Purchase?
This United States President commissioned the Lewis and Clark expedition to find a "Northwest Passage" and map the Louisiana Purchase.
Who was Thomas Jefferson?
This 1793 invention by Eli Whitney revolutionized Southern agriculture but also drastically increased the demand for enslaved labor.
What is the cotton gin?
This explorer is credited with leading the historic expedition that first circumnavigated (sailed completely around) the globe.
Who is Ferdinand Magellan?
This was the major negative impact of the Columbian Exchange on the Native American population.
What was the spread of European diseases (like smallpox) that caused widespread sickness and high mortality rates?
This war was fought between the U.S. and Great Britain over trade restrictions, impressment of sailors, and British support of Native American resistance on the frontier.
What is the War of 1812?
This Shoshone woman acted as an invaluable guide and interpreter, using her language skills and geographic knowledge to help the Corps of Discovery survive.
Who was Sacagawea?
Completed in 1825, this engineering marvel connected New York City to the Great Lakes and drastically lowered the cost and time of moving goods.
What is the Erie Canal?
This French explorer navigated the St. Lawrence River and helped secure French claims in North America.
Who is Jacques Cartier?
This specific leg of the Triangle Trade Network involved the forced and brutal voyage of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas.
What is the Middle Passage?
Northern politicians delayed the annexation of this territory for nearly ten years because they feared adding a massive slave state would upset the balance of power in the Senate.
What is Texas?
President Andrew Jackson was heavily criticized for this practice, which involved replacing experienced government officials with his loyal political supporters.
What is the spoils system?
This manufacturing breakthrough, popularized by Eli Whitney, involved making identical, standardized components that allowed goods to be assembled and repaired quickly.
What are interchangeable parts?
This Spanish conquistador is known for his conquest of the Aztec Empire in modern-day Mexico.
Who is Hernan Cortes?
Name two agricultural products native to the Americas that traveled to Europe, Asia, and Africa during the Columbian Exchange, forever changing global diets.
What are corn, potatoes, or tomatoes? (Any two)
This massive migration event in 1848–1849 brought thousands of "Forty-Niners" to the West Coast, sparking a massive population boom.
What is the California Gold Rush?
Andrew Jackson actively defied this landmark Supreme Court case, in which Chief Justice John Marshall ruled that the Cherokee Nation was sovereign and Georgia could not force them off their land.
What is Worcester v. Georgia?
This term refers to the young, single women recruited from local farms to work long, grueling hours in the textile mills of Massachusetts.
Who are the Lowell Mill Girls?
This Italian explorer, sailing under the flag of England in 1497, landed in Newfoundland and laid the groundwork for British claims in North America.
Who is John Cabot?
Name at least two specific factors that contributed to the horrific fifteen percent mortality rate of enslaved Africans during the Middle Passage.
What are extreme overcrowding, unsanitary conditions, lack of ventilation/high heat, rapid spread of diseases (smallpox/dysentery), physical abuse, or lack of clean food and water? (Any two)
This peace treaty ended the Mexican-American War and officially established the Rio Grande as the southern border of Texas.
What is the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
During this 1832 constitutional crisis, Andrew Jackson threatened to use military force against South Carolina when the state attempted to nullify federal tariffs and threatened to secede.
What is the Nullification Crisis?
This "Revolution" refers to the dramatic economic shift away from local, self-sufficient trade to a highly connected national market system where different regions traded specialized goods.
What is the Market Revolution?