Chemistry
Energy
Forces
Waves
Cells
100
According to the law of conservation of matter, the number of ______ is not changed by a chemical reaction.
A. atoms B. molecules C. bonds D. substances
A. atoms
100
A group of students is having an annual downhill cart race. The unpowered carts, like the one shown below, are lined up at the top of a hill.
What gives the cars their potential energy?
A. their wheels
B. gravity
C. their speed
D. friction
B. gravity
100
Katie rubs a balloon against her hair. Electrons from her hair travel to the balloon, giving the balloon a negative charge and her hair a positive charge. When the negatively charged balloon is brought near the strands of Katie's hair, they move to get closer to the balloon, without the balloon actually touching them. This shows that
A. electric attraction is a force that can act at a distance.
B. electric attraction is a force that can only act on contact.
C. particles in the air must be pulling Katie's hair toward the balloon.
D. Katie's hair would move in this way with or without the balloon.
A. electric attraction is a force that can act at a distance.
100
What are two characteristics of transverse waves that are not found in longitudinal waves?
A. motion and energy
B. compression and rarefaction
C. amplitude and wavelength
D. crests and troughs
D. crests and troughs
100
The __________ is a passageway in the cell that proteins and other materials use to move from one part of the cell to another (think of this like a hallway that connects people to other parts of a building).
A. Cytoplasm
B. Endoplasmic Reticulum
C. Cell Membrane
D. Vacuole
B. Endoplasmic Reticulum
200
A chemical reaction that releases energy is called ___________ and a chemical reaction that absorbs energy is called ___________.
releases energy- exothermic
absorbs energy- endothermic
200
Heat can be transferred through the processes of conduction, convection, and radiation. Which of these descriptions is an example of convection?
A. The temperature of a frying pan increases when it touches a hot stove.
B. Light waves from the Sun cause a sidewalk to get hotter during the day.
C. A person's hand gets colder as it stays in contact with an ice cube.
D. Moving air in an oven transfers heat as hot air rises and cold air sinks.
D. Moving air in an oven transfers heat as hot air rises and cold air sinks.
200
Electrons are charged particles. Moving charged particles are a current. There is a current of electrons flowing through a copper wire, as shown below.
As the electrons flow through the wire, _______ is generated around the wire.
A. a magnetic field
B. a convection current
C. elastic potential energy
D. gravitational potential energy
A. a magnetic field
200
Bill is making waves on a rope with one end attached to a wall. When he starts moving the rope quickly, the frequency of the waves created on the rope doubles. What happens to the energy that is transferred to the wall when the frequency of the waves doubles?
A. The energy transferred to the wall is quadrupled.
B. The energy transferred to the wall is doubled.
C. The energy transferred to the wall is halved.
D. The energy transferred to the wall is tripled.
B. The energy transferred to the wall is doubled.
200
In order for the parts in a system to work correctly, the parts must be arranged or built upon in a particular order. What is the correct order of the parts of a human body system from simplest to most complex?
Word Bank: organ, organ system, tissue, organism, cell
cell > tissue > organ > organ system > organism
300
In a chemical reaction, the elements magnesium and chlorine combined to form magnesium chloride (MgCl2). Which statement correctly describes the number of atoms in this reaction?
A. There are only a third as many atoms after the reaction as there were before it.
B. The number of chlorine atoms doubled in the chemical reaction.
C. There are just as many magnesium atoms after the reaction as there were before it.
D. The number of magnesium atoms decreased in the chemical reaction.
C. There are just as many magnesium atoms after the reaction as there were before it.
300
People often place ice into a warm liquid to make their drink colder. Which statement best explains how ice makes a liquid colder?
A. The ice pushes cool air into the liquid’s solid container.
B. The ice changes the chemical properties of the warm liquid.
C. Coldness flows from the colder ice into the warm liquid.
D. Heat flows from the warm liquid into the colder ice.
D. Heat flows from the warm liquid into the colder ice.
300
The following table provides information about two satellites that are orbiting Earth.
Which statement best describes the satellites?
A. Satellite X is experiencing a greater gravitational force than satellite Y.
B. The two satellites are too far away from Earth to experience a gravitational force.
C. The two satellites are experiencing the same gravitational force.
D. Satellite Y is experiencing a greater gravitational force than satellite X.
D. Satellite Y is experiencing a greater gravitational force than satellite X.
300
Casey is camping with her family. During the night, she realizes that she needs something from the car parked nearby. She uses a flashlight to help her get to the car safely. Along the way, she sees a large rock and walks around it. Which statement best describes why Casey could see the rock?
A. Casey's eyes see the wavelengths of light from the flashlight that the rock absorbs.
B. Light from the flashlight reaches the rock and is reflected to Casey's eyes.
C. Casey's eyes see all of the light from the flashlight that is refracted by the rock.
D. Light from the flashlight provides energy to the rock so that it can emit light.
B. Light from the flashlight reaches the rock and is reflected to Casey's eyes.
300
In the body, system X takes in and breaks down food. System Y then transports the raw materials throughout the body. What systems do X and Y represent?
A. System X is the excretory system and system Y is the nervous system.
B. System X is the respiratory system and system Y is the circulatory system.
C. System X is the digestive system and system Y is the respiratory system.
D. System X is the digestive system and system Y is the circulatory system.
D. System X is the digestive system and system Y is the circulatory system.
400
As part of a science experiment, Jose did a test for starch on a slice of apple and a slice of potato. The yellow-orange iodine solution stayed the same color when it was put on the apple, but it became black on the potato. Why did the iodine solution change color on the potato?
A. The iodine reacted with the potato to form a new substance.
B. The iodine burned the potato and turned it to ash.
C. The iodine mixed with the colors of the potato so it looked black.
D.The iodine evaporated into a gas.
A. The iodine reacted with the potato to form a new substance.
400
A teacher places two bar magnets on a table. The alignment of the magnets is shown below.
Which of the following best describes the interaction between the magnets as the north poles are brought closer together?
A. The magnetic strength of both poles of the magnet decreases.
B. The mass and the magnetic strength of the magnet increases.
C. The magnetic potential energy between them increases.
D. The magnetic potential energy between them decreases.
C. The magnetic potential energy between them increases.
400
A solenoid is a coil of wire that produces a magnetic field when carrying an electric current. The strength of the magnetic field produced by a solenoid can be increased in two basic ways: increasing the number of loops in the solenoid or increasing the amount of current running through the solenoid. A solenoid's magnetic field can be increased to an even greater degree by wrapping the wire around a material that can be magnetized. Four solenoids are shown below.
A solenoid is a coil of wire that produces a magnetic field when carrying an electric current. The strength of the magnetic field produced by a solenoid can be increased in two basic ways: increasing the number of loops in the solenoid or increasing the amount of current running through the solenoid. A solenoid's magnetic field can be increased to an even greater degree by wrapping the wire around a material that can be magnetized. Four solenoids are shown below.
Based on the strength of the magnetic fields they produce, arrange the solenoids from strongest to weakest.
D-C-B-A
400
Wireless Internet networks, including many used in homes, often make use of high-frequency radio waves. High-frequency waves are useful because they can carry a lot of information. However, high-frequency waves are less capable of passing through objects than are low-frequency waves. As a result, waves traveling from a person's wireless laptop computer, for example, could be interrupted by objects between the computer and the modem.
Due to this limitation of high frequency waves, which of the following statements best explains why digital waves are commonly used in high-frequency wireless networks instead of analog waves?
A. Analog waves cannot reach large enough wavelengths to be used in wireless networks.
B. Analog waves cannot reach high enough amplitudes to be used in wireless networks.
C. Small disruptions in analog waves are more easily corrected than in digital waves.
D. It is easier to correct small disruptions in digital waves than in analog waves.
D. It is easier to correct small disruptions in digital waves than in analog waves.
400
Which of the following statements can be inferred from the diagram shown above?
A. The process of photosynthesis is related to the process of cellular respiration.
B. Only animals can undergo photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
C. The same reactants are required for the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
D. The same products are created through the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
A. The process of photosynthesis is related to the process of cellular respiration.
500
When olive oil and sodium hydroxide are mixed together, soap and glycerol are made. The solubility of each of the materials are shown in the table below.
What is the best conclusion, based on the information given?
A. This is a chemical reaction because the materials that were mixed have different solubilities than the materials that were made.
B. This is a chemical reaction because all of the materials used can be combined with water to produce a mixture.
C. This is not a chemical reaction because all of the materials mixed can be dissolved in water, and dissolving is a physical change.
D. This is not a chemical reaction because all of the materials are liquids and can be completely dissolved in water.
A. This is a chemical reaction because the materials that were mixed have different solubilities than the materials that were made.
500
Many toys are designed to use energy for motion. A toy airplane has a rubber band connected to a propeller as shown below.
Using the propeller, a person can wind up the rubber band so that it is wound and tight. Upon release of the propeller, the rubber band quickly unwinds causing the propeller to spin and aid the toy plane in flight. Which statement best describes what energy transformation occurs upon release of the toy airplane's propeller?
A. Thermal energy is being transformed into mechanical energy.
B. Potential energy is being transformed into kinetic energy.
C. Kinetic energy is being transformed into potential energy.
D. Mechanical energy is being transformed into chemical energy.
B. Potential energy is being transformed into kinetic energy.
500
What happens to the gravitational force between two objects as the bodies become closer to each other?
A. The gravitational force begins to repel the objects.
B. The gravitational force decreases.
C. The gravitational force increases.
D. The gravitational force stays the same.
C. The gravitational force increases.
500
The following image shows two similar cars parked close to each other. Light waves reflecting off both cars reach John's eyes, and he sees one major difference between the cars.
How must the light waves reflected by the two cars be different?
A. The light waves have different speeds.
B. The light waves have different wavelengths.
C. Light waves from one car have been refracted more.
D. Light waves from one car have a greater amplitude.
B. The light waves have different wavelengths.
500
Oaks are dominant trees in some temperate deciduous forests. The seeds of oak trees are enclosed within fruits called acorns. Squirrels and other forest animals often bury acorns to save them for the winter, but do not end up eating all of them.
How do the activities of squirrels affect oak trees?
A. They cause the trees to produce acorns during the winter.
B. By removing acorns, their behavior causes harm to the trees.
C. They make it more difficult for the tree to reproduce.
D. They help the trees reproduce more successfully.
D. They help the trees reproduce more successfully.