Atomic Structure
What are the three forms of matter?
The three forms of matter are solid, liquid, and gas
What are the two main components of a chemical reaction?
Reactants and products
What is the difference between a population and a community?
A population is a group of individuals of the same species living in the same area, while a community includes all the different populations in that area.
What is the difference between a renewable resource and a non-renewable resource?
A renewable resource can be replenished naturally (e.g., solar energy), while a non-renewable resource cannot be replaced within a human timescale (e.g., fossil fuels).
What are geoscience processes?
Geoscience processes are natural processes that form and shape the Earth's surface.
What are the charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons?
Protons have a positive charge, neutrons have no charge (neutral), and electrons have a negative charge.
In a chemical reaction, what is the difference between an endothermic reaction and an exothermic reaction?
An endothermic reaction absorbs energy (usually in the form of heat) from the surroundings, while an exothermic reaction releases energy (usually in the form of heat) to the surroundings.
What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?
A food chain shows a linear sequence of who eats whom, while a food web is a complex network of interconnected food chains.
Are natural resources distributed equally around the world?
No, natural resources are not distributed equally around the world.
Name two examples of geoscience processes.
Two examples of geoscience processes are erosion and tectonic plate movement.
Where can you find protons in an atom?
Protons are found in the nucleus of an atom.
State the Law of Conservation of Mass
The Law of Conservation of Mass states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction, only rearranged.
What happens to a population when there is not enough food?
When there is not enough food, a population may decrease or face starvation.
Why are resources unevenly distributed around the world?
Resources are unevenly distributed due to geographical, climatic, and socio-economic factors.
How does wind erosion shape the Earth's surface?
Wind erosion shapes the Earth's surface by removing soil and rock particles and transporting them to different locations
Where can you find neutrons in an atom?
Neutrons are also found in the nucleus of an atom
What are metabolic reactions?
Metabolic reactions are the chemical processes that occur within living organisms to maintain life.
How does an abundant amount of food affect a population?
An abundant amount of food can lead to population growth and increased reproduction rates.
Provide an example of human impact on ecosystems
An example of human impact on ecosystems is pollution, which can degrade habitats and harm wildlife.
What is weathering?
Weathering is the breaking down of rocks and minerals into smaller pieces through physical, chemical, or biological processes.
What is a molecule, and give an example of one.
A molecule is the smallest unit of a substance that has all the properties of that substance. For example, a water molecule (H₂O) is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
Describe what happens at the molecular level during a chemical reaction when bonds are broken and formed.
During a chemical reaction, the bonds between atoms in the reactants are broken, which requires energy. Then, new bonds are formed to create the products, which releases energy. This process involves the rearrangement of atoms to create new substances with different properties.
Name a change to an environment that could affect the size of populations and communities.
Changes such as fires, droughts, pollution, or natural disasters can affect the size of populations and communities.
How does deforestation affect populations and communities?
Deforestation can lead to habitat loss, decreased biodiversity, and changes in ecosystem dynamics.
Explain tectonic plate movement and its effect on the Earth's surface.
Tectonic plate movement occurs when plates in the Earth's crust shift, leading to earthquakes, mountain formation, and volcanic activity.