Vocabulary
What is horizontal integration?
Owning a business that is involved with EACH step of the manufacturing process.
Who were independent oil operators who searched for new fields?
Wildcatters
What is the cycle of altering periods of growth and depression in an industry or economy?
Boom and bust cycle
What is a dark, thick, liquid fossil fuel?
Petroleum
What year did people start drilling for oil in Texas?
1866
What is vertical integration?
Owning MANY businesses in a particular field.
The Texas Federation of Women's Club backed political candidates who favored what regulations?
Food and drug
What marked the beginning of the Texas oil boom and the age of oil in Texas?
The Spindletop strike
What social reform encouraged people to drink LESS alcohol?
Temperance movement
Prohibition is a ban on manufacturing, distributing, and selling what?
Alcohol
What is a boomtown?
Fast growing towns that grew during economic booms
Who were reformers in the early 1900s that worked to improve society?
The Progressives
In 1901, oil was discovered in what Texas town marking the beginning of the oil boom?
Spindletop
What is a poll tax?
A tax on voting; It was part of the Jim Crow laws passed to keep African Americans from voting
17th Amendment
Allowed voters to vote directly for U.S. senators
What are derricks?
Towers that support oil-drilling equipment
What does someone have if they have sole economic control of a field of business?
A monopoly
18th Amendment
Made the sale and manufacturing of alcohol illegal in 1919
What is a trust?
Legal arrangements in which one board of trustees controls a number of companies
19th Amendment
Granted women the right to vote in 1919 (women's suffrage)