1. Cell Functions
What is a cell?
the basic unit of structure and function in living things. These carry out many different functions
All living things that are not bacteria or archaea are made of one or more ___
eukaryotic cells.
Difference between exo and endocytosis?
Exocytosis - The process in which a cell releases a particle by enclosing it in a vesicle that then moves to the cell surface and fuses with the cell membrane.
in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein.
chromosomes
What are plants such good flood controllers?
their plant cells can hold water much better due to their cell walls.
Who was the first person to look at a cell?
Robert Hooke
What does the ER do?
a system of membranes that is found in a cell’s cytoplasm that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins/lipids
The cell membrane upkeeps this _____ by being selectively permeable.
homeostasis
What are the first three phases of the animal cell cycle?
interphase, prophase, and metaphase
Give me 4 examples of heterotrophs.
any consumers
How do electron microscopes produce a better picture of smaller things?
a microscope that focuses a beam of electrons to magnify objects.
What are the three disadvantages to being unicellular compared to mulitcellular?
shorter life, smaller, and more simple
difference between osmosis and diffusion
Osmosis - The diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane.
Cell division allows organisms to do three things. What are they?
grow larger, replace aging/dying cells and reproduce.
How many water molecules are created by the process of photosynthesis?
none
what was the time difference from the discovery of cells and the creation of cell theory?
about 180 years
___ forms ___ form ____ forms _____ forms____
cell, tissue, organ, organ system, complex organisms
What does facilitated mean?
to help or make easier
What makes cytokinesis different between animal and plant cells?
In cells that lack a cell wall, the cell pinches in two. In cells that have a cell wall (like plants and algae), a cell plate forms in between the two new cells.
Plants and algae that live in water absorb about _____ of all the sun’s energy and provide about _____ of all of Earth’s oxygen
1/6th, 85%