Vocabulary
Ratio
Percent
A number out of 100; a way of expressing part of a whole.
A car travels 60 miles in 2 hours. What is the Unit Rate in Miles Per Hour?
30 mph
You buy a pair of shoes that cost $80, and the sales tax rate is 7%.
What is the total price of the shoes?
$85.60
A car travels 150 miles in 3 hours.
What is the unit rate in miles per hour?
50 mph
Unit Rate
A ratio that compares quantities with a denominator of 1.
Discount
A reduction from the original price.
A proportional graph passes through the origin (0,0) and (4,12). What is the constant of proportionality/unit rate?
4 x 3 = 12 so the constant of proportionality is 3.
A backpack originally costs $50 but is on sale for 20% off.
What is the price of the backpack after the discount?
$40
A T-shirt costs $25 and is on sale for 20% off.
What is the sale price?
$20
Proportion
An equation showing that two ratios are equivalent.
Markup
A grocery store sells 5 pounds of apples for $9.50.
What is the cost per pound?
$1.90 per pound
A jacket originally costs $120 and is 25% off during a sale.
After the discount, a 6% sales tax is added.
What is the final price you pay?
$95.40
A 12-pack of soda costs $6.60.
What is the cost per can?
$0.55 per can
Percent Increase
The percent a value grows from the original.
Tax
A fee the government adds to the price of goods and services.
A printer can print 150 pages in 12 minutes.
How many pages per minute can the printer print?
12.5 pages per minute
A backpack originally costs $75 but is on sale for 16% off.
What is the discount amount and the sale price?c
$63
A meal costs $45. The restaurant adds 8% sales tax and you leave a 15% tip.
What is your total cost?
$55.35
Percent Decrease
The percent a value decreases from the original.
Tip/Gratuity
Money given for service, usually as a percent of the bill.
A construction crew lays 630 feet of road in 7.5 hours.
How many feet of road could they lay in 10 hours?
840 feet
A real estate agent earns a 3% commission on a house sold for $275,000.
How much did the real estate agent make?
$8,250
A real estate agent sells a house for $375,000 and earns a 2.5% commission.
What is the real estate agents commission earned?
$9,375
Percent Error
The difference between an estimated value and the actual value, written as a percent of the actual.
Commission
A percent of sales earned by a worker.
A printer can print 150 pages in 12 minutes.
how many pages can they print in 32 minutes?
400 pages
A restaurant meal costs $60. You have a 20% off coupon.
After the discount, a 7% sales tax is added, and you leave a 15% tip.
What is your total cost?
$60.36
A new bicycle has an original price of $480. It’s on sale for 15% off, and there’s a 6% sales tax.
If you plan to ride 1,200 miles on this bike over the next year, what is your final cost per mile of use?
$0.36 per mile