Atomic Models Through History
Modern Atomic Model
Periodic Table Patterns and Organization
Metals & Transition Metals
Nonmetals and Metalloids
100
These alchemists used the word "atomos" to describe matter.
Who are Democritus and Leucippus?
100
How is the modern atom described?
The modern model describes an atom as consisting of a nucleus that contains protons and neutrons, surrounded by a cloudlike region of moving electrons.
100
This scientist organized the first periodic table and used the _________________ to arrange the elements.
Who is Dmitri Mendeleev and what is atomic mass/weight?
100
Some of the chemical and physical properties of metals. Mention at least 3 properties.
What are luster (are shiny), malleable (can be hammered into sheets), ductile (can be formed into thin wire), good conductors of heat and electricity? They can also corrode when they react with water and/or oxygen in the air.
100
Some chemical and physical properties of nonmetals.
What are poor conductors of heat and electricity, solid nonmetals are dull and brittle, lower densities than metals, dull, good insulators ?
200
Much of Dalton's theory of atomic structure is still accepted today. Name two things that he believed about atomic structure that aren't accepted today.
What are 1) that atoms can't be divided; 2) all atoms of the same element are exactly alike and have the same mass? This is not true because of subatomic particles and isotopes.
200
Compare the three main subatomic particles based on charge, location, and mass.
Protons are positive and located inside of the nucleus. Neutrons, also located inside the nucleus, have no charge. Protons and neutrons each have a mass of one AMU and together make up the mass of the atom. Electrons, particles with a negative charge which are located outside of the nucleus.
200
The word periodic is used to describe the table of elements for this reason.
What is repeated pattern? Explanation: Mendeleev noticed many repeating patterns in the properties of the elements when he put them in order by atomic mass. This led him to leave blank spaces for elements that hadn't been discovered, in order to hold to the patterns he observed in the known elements. While his peers thought this was arrogant, Mendeleev turned out to be correct.
200
This group of metals are very varied in properties. They are located from Group 3 to 12.
What are the transition metals?
200
This group is the only unreactive group on the periodic table.
What are the noble gases (group 18 or 8A)?
300
This scientist studied the electron using the cathode ray experiment. He named his atomic model the _______ __________ ___________.
Who is Thomson? What is the "Plum Pudding Model"?
300
In Carbon-14, the 14 represents this.
What is the mass number?
300
The modern periodic table is arranged in increasing order of _________ ____________ because Moseley knew that the number of _______________ identify the element.
What is atomic number and protons?
300
This family of metals is the most reactive and tend to combine with elements of this group located on the right side of the periodic table.
What are the alkali metals and halogens?
300
This group is the most reactive on the right side of the periodic table composed only of nonmetals. All of these elements have _____ valence electrons.
What are the halogens (group 17 or 7A) and 7 valence electrons?
400
This scientist modified Rutherford's atomic model by adding this.
Who is Niels Bohr? What are energy levels/ orbits? Explanation: Bohr modified Rutherford's model by showing that electrons could only have specific amounts of energy and therefore believed that they moved in certain orbits around the nucleus. This model was modified a few years later when scientists discovered that the electrons don't orbit like planets. There is an electron cloud around the nucleus and electrons can be found anywhere. However, an electron's movement is related to the amount of energy it has, and electrons of different energy levels are likely to be found in different places.
400
If you know that an atom has an atomic number of 7 and a mass number of 13, the identity of the element and number of neutron is this.
What is Nitrogen and 6 neutrons?
400
A column on the periodic table is called a __________/____________because elements in the same column share similar ___________ ______________.
What is group/family and chemical properties.
400
The most radioactive elements are located in these groups.
What are the lanthanides and the actinides?
400
These elements have mixed properties between metals and nonmetals. They are located along the "stairs" on the periodic table.
What is a metalloid?
500
Chadwick discovered that this particle is in the nucleus of an atom and it has __________charge.
What is the neutron and it has zero/no charge? Explanation: The particle has the same mass as a proton, has no charge, and is called a neutron. Because a neutron has no charge, it was difficult to find. But the discovery of the neutron helped scientists understand how elements could have isotopes and why radioactive decay might occur.
500
This is why the atomic mass for each element on the periodic table usually has decimals.
What are isotopes? Explanation: Each individual atom of an element will always have the same number of protons as any atom of that element, but not always the same number of neutrons nor natural abundance. Therefore, the mass of each atom must be calculated independently of the others. Since each isotope, or form of an element will have a different mass number, the mass number of all the isotopes must be averaged to come up with a number for the periodic table, which we call the atomic mass. This average is often a decimal.
500
We say that elements that have similar chemical and physical properties are grouped together. The reason why they have similar chemical properties is _______________________.(*Hint: the answer is a phrase, not a single word)
What is they share the same number of valence electrons?
500
Temperature at which a solid metal becomes a liquid.
What is the melting point?
500
This is the most useful property of metalloids.
What is their varying ability to conduct electricity (good semiconductors)?
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