VOCABULARY
TRAITS & REPRODUCTION
Asexual vs Sexual
Punnett Squares vs Pedigree Charts
METABOLISM
100
The building blocks of protein
What are amino acids?
100
To receive genes from a parent
What is inherit?
100
Results in identical daughter cells
What is asexual reproduction?
100
The dominant gene (T) allows corals to live in water.
What percentage of corals are heterozygous?
What is 50%?
100
The body's use of molecules for energy and growth
What is metabolism?
200
The chemical reaction between glucose and oxygen that releases energy (ATP) into cells
What is cellular respiration?
200
Gene versions that are the same
What is homozygous?
200
Results in genetic variation among offspring
What is a sexual reproduction?
200
A chart used as a model to illustrate how traits are passed down from parents to offspring through generations
What is a pedigree chart?
200
The two molecules cells need to produce energy (ATP)
What are glucose and oxygen?
300
The body system that transports molecules to and from all cells of the body
What is the circulatory system?
300
A long piece of DNA that contains many genes
What is chromosome?
300
offspring receive genes from two parents and can have different traits than the parents
What is sexual reproduction?
300
In a pedigree chart, circles represent this
What are females?
300
The chemical reaction between oxygen and glucose that releases energy (ATP) into cells
What is cellular respiration?
400
A molecule that organisms can use to release energy, and that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms
What is glucose?
400
Explain the difference between genotype and phenotype
Genotype is the combination of alleles
Phenotypes are the physical traits
400
Offspring receives genes from one parents and are identical to that parent
What is asexual reproduction?
400
In a punnett square, the letters represent this
What are genotypes?
400
Stella’s respiratory system is not working well. Why is this a problem for her ability to exercise?
Her cells will not work well with low levels of oxygen.
500
A category of large molecules that perform important functions inside living things
What is protein?
500
A random change in genes
What is a mutation?
500
Categorize mitosis and meiosis under the correct form of reproduction (asexual/sexual)
Mitosis is asexual reproduction
Meiosis is sexual reproduction
500
Create a punnett square for a homozygous dominant male (A) that reproduces with a heterozygous female.
A A
A AA AA
a Aa Aa
500
Guillermo was finding it difficult to walk up the steps to his family’s apartment. His doctor thinks that his cells might not be getting enough oxygen or glucose.
- Why does having low levels of glucose or oxygen in his cells make it difficult for Guillermo to walk up steps?
- Which body systems should the doctor test in order to find out whether Guillermo’s cells are getting enough oxygen and glucose and why?
Guillermo needs both oxygen and glucose to create energy (ATP) for the cells. Without both, it will be difficult for him to walk up the steps.
The doctors should check his respiratory system (oxygen) and digestive system (glucose).