A
Russia's first warm-water port and "Window to Europe"
St. Petersburg
He was the founder of the Ottoman Empire
Osman
This title for a ruler derives from "Caesar"
Tsar/czar
This addictive substance was smuggled into China to sell for tea
Opium
This Russian ruler was not actually ethnically Russian, but German
Catherine the Great
Constructing this building put a tremendous strain on the Mughal Empire's finances
Taj Mahal
During the Qing period, Han Chinese men were required to wear this hairstyle
Queue
He absolutely hated the boyars
Ivan the Terrible/Ivan IV
Kangxi
Syncretic religion developed by an emperor
Din-i Ilahi/Divine Faith
This ruler wanted Russia to be known as the "Third Rome"
Ivan III/Ivan the Great
This emperor, founder of the Safavids, claimed descent from Ali
Ismail
Longest-lasting of the Gunpowder Empires
Ottomans
Branch of the Mongols that ruled over Russia
Golden Horde
This attempted to limit the presence of Western merchants to one city in southern China
Canton System
The largest syncretic religion to have developed during the Mughal period
Babur was descended from Genghis Khan and this other great Central Asian warlord
Timur/Tamerlane
This was the first great city of the Rus
Kiev
This deep bow, used in China, was part of a cultural misunderstanding during the Macartney trade mission
Kowtow
These fierce but difficult to control fighters had an almost cult-like devotion to the Safavid ruler
Qizilbash
Hereditary chieftain or landowner in India; used by Mughals to collect taxes
Zamindars
According to the Treaty of Nanjing, Europeans were not subject to Chinese laws or arrest by Chinese officials
Extraterritorial Rights/Extraterritoriality
This agreement fixed the border between Russia and the Qing Dynasty, and gave the Russians special trade status with China
Treaty of Nerchinsk
Government reforms by Akbar the Great which standardized ranks and salaries of officials, reducing corruption
Mansabdari system
Peter the Great taking control of the Russian Orthodox Church is an example of this, which says that political rulers also have religious authority
Caesaropapism