Kings
Pepin?
The Short - First Carolingian King
Who did Charlemagne conquer?
Lombards - again
Moors
Pyrenees
Saxons
Aquitaine
Field of May
One of two meetings that occur throughout the year where Charlemagne, chiefs, and people meet to discuss the affairs of the nation.
Occurred in May - most important out of both meetings.
Many civilians would come and complain
How did Pepin become King of the Franks?
He wrote to the Pope and asked for his blessing to be the sole ruler of France rather than have Childeric III as a figurehead.
Received the blessing from the Pope.
Held a tournament where a bull and a lion were fighting and asked if anyone was brave enough to save the bull.
Cut off the lion’s head with one swing of his sword
Childeric III?
Figurehead of King Pepin
Last of the Merovingian kings
How did he conquer the Saxons?
Cut down their altars, sacred oak trees, and forced them to become Christian.
Scattered them all over his kingdom
Emperor's Eyes
Superior officers/chiefs who would travel throughout the kingdom, making sure that there was peace and that the officers/chiefs were being just and fair to the people.
Did the people revolt at his crowning?
Immediately accepted by the people as their new king. Cheered loudly for him
The Do Nothing Kings
Kings descended from Clovis I, they did nothing during their reign.
Merovingian
How did he convert the masses?
"Baptism or death" and bribing them with a white tunic
Carolingian Renaissance
A cultural revival in the Carolingian Empire created by Charlemagne. It focused on classical learning, the arts, and education, with a strong emphasis on religious reform and the preservation of knowledge
Was he a conqueror or a missionary king? Give three examples for your answer
Missionary king - encouraged/forced all to convert
Sent priests to those newly conquered peoples
Built churches in newly conquered areas
Conquering King
Continually expanding his kingdom
Put his two sons on the throne in Aquitaine and Italy
Conquered Lombards, Saxons, Moors, Pyrenees, Aquitanian.
Partition of Rome
Title given to Pepin after the conquering of the Lombards
Alcuin?
Prominent scholar, clergyman who taught in Charlemagne's court.
Song of Roland
12th Century - Oldest surviving French epic.
Inspired by the Battle of Roncevaux Pass in 778
Themes of loyalty and honor.
He viewed education (the ability to read and write) to be important and a gift to be given to everyone no matter their station in life.
Introduced the methods of English learning into Frankish schools, systematized their curriculum, raised the standards of scholarship, and encouraged the study of liberal arts for the better understanding of spiritual doctrine.
Established schools and a type of script that would make it easier for people to read Latin.
Holy Roman Emperor?
Charlemagne became the Holy Roman Emperor in the year 800 AD. The Pope mid mass turned and anointed him
Who became the emperor after Charlemagne?
Louis, his son. They ruled together in the last years of Charlemagne's life.
Roland?
The nephew of Charlemagne.
Died during the Battle of Roncevaux Pass in 778AD.
Hero of the “Song of Roland” - Ideal man
Why do historians think the Commentarii de Bello Gallico is not completely accurate?
highly probable that Caesar exaggerated the numbers