Photosynthesis
Plants are called ______________________.
Producers
What gas is released as a product of Cellular Respiration?
Carbondioxide
What is Matter?
Anything that has mass and takes up space.
What is the difference between a Food Web and a Food Chain?
Food web consist of a single path of energy flow. Food chain is multiple food webs with multiple paths of energy flow.
4. Different grasses are observed in a microhabitat in a schoolyard. Why is grass an essential part of a healthy ecosystem?
A. It is a producer that is a necessary part of the diet of most consumers.
B. It is a consumer that feeds off other organisms living in the area.
C. It is a decomposer that converts matter into a form that other organisms can use.
D. It makes up the last level of a food web, helping recycle carbon in the habitat.
A. It is a producer that is a necessary part of the diet of most consumers.
During photosynthesis, energy from sunlight is stored as chemical energy. How will the plant be able to release the energy in order to use it?
A. by forming bonds of sugar
B. by breaking bonds of water to form new molecules
C. by breaking bonds of sugar to form new molecules
D. by breaking bonds of oxygen to form new molecules
C
This organelle is called the "powerhouse" because it releases energy from food.
Mitochondria
Decomposers cycle matter and energy between which of these?
A. water and soil
B. producers and consumers
C. dead organisms and scavengers
D. remains of living things and the environment
D. remains of living things and the environment
Photosynthetic algae live within the tissues of the organisms that build coral reefs. The coral organisms provide the algae with carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. The algae supply the corals with oxygen, sugar, and amino acids. Which statement best summarizes the sources of energy in the relationship between algae and coral?
A. Algae get their energy from sunlight and pass the energy to corals in the form of carbon dioxide.
B. Algae capture chemical energy from the sun, and corals use the energy from the sun to form sugar molecules.
C. Algae use energy from the sun and store it in chemical bonds in sugar. Corals use energy stored in the bonds of sugar molecules.
D. Algae use chemical energy stored in the bonds of sugar molecules to produce solar energy. Corals use solar energy to power cellular processes.
C. Algae use energy from the sun and store it in chemical bonds in sugar. Corals use energy stored in the bonds of sugar molecules.
Orangutans get most of the energy they need from fruit. Energy must go through several steps before it can be used by the cells in the orangutan’s body. Number the steps to show the path energy follows from the sun to the orangutan’s cells.
________ Fruit is eaten.
________ Sugar is produced.
________ Energy is released.
________ Mitochondria break down sugars.
________ Carbon dioxide and sunlight are used.
3
2
5
4
1
The diagram shows a chloroplast from a photosynthetic organism.
Which of these are the materials needed in order for this organelle to perform the process of photosynthesis?
A. sunlight + water + oxygen
B. sugar + sunlight + oxygen
C. light energy + water + carbon dioxide
D. chemical energy + sugar + water
A, C, E
Cellular respiration is the process by which cells break down sugars and oxygen to create carbon dioxide, water, and energy. A scientist observes an animal cell and concludes that cellular respiration has taken place. Which of these observations or evidence support the scientist’s conclusion? Circle the letters of all that apply.
A. Sugar is consumed.
B. Sugar increases.
C. Oxygen is consumed.
D. Water levels are constant.
E. Carbon dioxide is produced.
F. Mitochondria are found in the cell.
A. Sugar is consumed.
C. Oxygen is consumed.
E. Carbon dioxide is produced.
Which statement describes the flow of matter and energy in decomposers?
A. A decomposer digests living organisms to produce energy, water, and carbon dioxide.
B. A decomposer uses carbon dioxide, water, and energy from the sun to produce oxygen and sugars. C. A decomposer consumes dead or dying organisms to produce oxygen and sugars.
D. A decomposer breaks down decaying matter to produce energy and release nutrients back into the environment.
D. A decomposer breaks down decaying matter to produce energy and release nutrients back into the environment.
Producers and consumers are both pictured in a diagram of a food web. Which statement best describes how they differ from one another?
A. Consumers produce all the energy they need.
B. Consumers eat only animals, and producers eat only plants.
C. Producers eat living organisms, and consumers eat organisms that have died.
D. Consumers obtain energy by eating food, and producers obtain energy from sunlight.
D. Consumers obtain energy by eating food, and producers obtain energy from sunlight.
Consider two organisms: plants and rabbits
Which letter describes plants, rabbits or both
A. producer
B. consumer
C. needs energy to live
D. breaks down sugar molecules to get energy
E. gets energy from dead and decaying matter
F. gets energy and matter from other living organisms
G. gets energy and matter from the nonliving environment
Rabbit: B, F
Both: C, D
Photosynthesis is a complex process by which plants create their own food. In this process which three are reactants and which two are products?
Reactants are Co2, water, sunlight and product are sugar and oxygen
A classroom has an aquarium. In the aquarium are a goldfish and a water plant. The teacher explains that the cells of both the plant and the goldfish use cellular respiration to transform food into energy.
Identify how the plant and the goldfish get materials needed for the process of cellular respiration and how the energy is released.
Plants make sugar and animals consume the plants, digest the sugars by breaking the sugar molecules and energy is released along with carbondioxide and water.
All living things require matter.
Explain why life on Earth depends on matter.
Describe how plants and animals get the matter they need to survive.
Life depends on matter because it helps plants and animals grow and do life processes.
Plants get matter by doing photosynthesis, animals get matter by consuming other plants and animals.
Why is there so much less energy at the top of the pyramid than at the bottom?
Most energy is released as heat or used by the organism for life processes.
How does photosynthesis help explain both the flow of energy plant and the person?
Photosynthesis allows energy from sun to transform into chemical energy and sugar molecules. when a person eats a plant, sugar breaks down into energy usable for the person.
Where does photosynthesis takes places? In the process of photosynthesis, plants make ________. what is the role of this substance in plant cells.
The process takes place in Chloroplast to produce glucose, which helps the plant grow and produce seeds.
Explain how a person eating a potato helps in doing cellular respiration and what happens to the matter from the potato?
Use words like glucose, bonds, energy, transformed.
When the potato is digested, the bonds in the glucose molecules are broken and rearranged through chemical reactions. This releases energy that the person’s body can use. The matter is transformed because the molecules in the potato are changed into new substances, such as sugars and other molecules used by the body.
Living things are mostly made up of four elements: carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. Describe how plants and animals obtain these elements.
Plants: Carbon- from taking in CO2 from atmosphere, Hydrogen and Oxygen from water from roots, Nitrogen- nutrients from roots.
Animals- oxygen- breathing air, hydrogen- water, carbon and nitrogen from food they eat.
What does the law of conservation of energy explain about how organisms make sugar molecules and form new substances?
The law says that energy is not created or destroyed, it is transformed. When organisms make sugar molecules, new substances are form by rearranging of the atoms.
Orangutans are critically endangered and are losing their habitat because the trees in the rainforest where they live are being cut down. Write your answer on the lines.
- Describe how the loss of the trees would affect the food web that orangutans belong to.
- Describe the role orangutans play in cycling matter and energy in their rainforest habitat
- When forests are cleared, the food that orangutans rely on would be destroyed and they can become extinct.
- Orangutans eat fruits to get energy. The leftover matter and seeds are left behind. Without animals many seeds would not disperse and plants would not grow, effecting the rainforest habitat.