Organelles
This organelle is known as the “powerhouse of the cell." It makes ATP.
What is the mitochondria?
The movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration.
What is diffusion?
Which organelle is responsible for capturing light energy and making food in plants?
What is the chloroplast?
The main purpose of cellular respiration.
What is to make ATP?
What does the word "synthesis" mean?
What is "to make?"
This organelle makes proteins.
What is the ribosome?
The diffusion of water across a membrane.
What is osmosis?
Which gas enters the plant during photosynthesis?
What is carbon dioxide (CO₂)?
What type of fermentation occurs in human muscle cells when oxygen is low?
What is lactic acid fermentation?
This is the process by which DNA is copied into RNA.
What is transcription?
This structure is only found in plant cells and provides support and structure.
What is the cell wall?
When a cell uses energy to move molecules against the concentration gradient.
What is active transport?
What type of organisms can perform photosynthesis?
What are autotrophs/producers?
This anaerobic process allows organisms to keep making small amounts of ATP when oxygen is not available.
What is fermentation?
During this step, amino acids are linked together to form a protein.
What is translation?
This organelle packages and ships proteins like a post office.
What is the Golgi apparatus?
A cell placed in a hypotonic solution will do this.
What is swell (and possibly burst)?
What high-energy sugar is the main product of photosynthesis?
What is glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)?
Write the balanced equation for cellular respiration.
What is C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP?
How would you define DNA?
What is genetic information?
This organelle controls what enters and leaves the cell.
What is the cell membrane?
A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will do this.
What is shrink (crenate)?
Write the balanced equation for photosynthesis.
What is 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂?
How many total ATP molecules are produced (on average) during cellular respiration?
What is 36–38 ATP?
What is considered the cookbook, the recipe, the chef, and the finished food?
What is DNA, mRNA, ribosomes, and protein?
This organelle is filled with enzymes and helps break down old organelles.
What is the lysosome?
What word describes the cell’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment?
What is homeostasis?
Name one factor that can affect the rate of photosynthesis.
What is light intensity, CO₂ concentration, or temperature?
Compare aerobic and anaerobic respiration in terms of ATP yield.
What is aerobic makes ~36 ATP, while anaerobic makes only 2 ATP?
This type of RNA carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome.
What is messenger RNA (mRNA)?