Variables
The variable that stays the same throughout the investigation.
Control group
The maximum amount of force or deformation they can withstand, beyond which point they deform permanently.
Elastic Limit
The force that an object experiences due to contact with another object is called what?
Contact Force
Kinetic energy is the energy of
motion
What is the difference between an independent variable and a dependent variable in a research study?
The independent variable is the variable that is manipulated or changed by the researcher, while the dependent variable is the outcome or response that is measured.
The variable that is affected by the change.
Dependent
What is the peak force of an object?
maximum amount of force or deformation they can withstand, beyond which point they will crack or split apart
True or False: Not all solid objects bend or change shape when a force is applied to them.
False
What is potential energy?
stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object
In an experiment studying the effect of different amounts of fertilizer on plant growth, what is the independent variable, and what is the dependent variable?
Independent variable: amount of fertilizer; Dependent variable: plant growth
The variable that is changed in the investigation.
Independent
Define the Line of Best Fit.
a line on a graph that most closely resembles that average trend in the data.
Do all objects have the same breaking point?
No, different objects can withstand different amounts of force.
Kinetic energy ______________ as mass increases.
Increases
Which of the following factors can influence the elastic limit of a material?
temperature
A tire company is investigating how different tires impact a cars top speed. They use the same car for each trial they run, but replace the tires each time. For each new set of tires they put on, they run a new trial and record the car's top speed. Which is the dependent variable?
Top speed of the car
The type of material, the shape, and the thickness of an object all affect what three things?
1. how much it deforms 2. elastic limit 3. breaking point
How much do you have to push on any object to get it to deform (temporarily or permanently)?
Temporary deformation begins when force is first applied.
What causes objects to have a change in motion?
energy transfer
What is the significance of a material reaching its elastic limit during deformation?
It indicates that the material is in its elastic region and will return to its original shape.
A tire company is investigating how different tires impact a cars top speed. They use the same car for each trial they run, but replace the tires each time. For each new set of tires they put on, they run a new trial and record the car's top speed. Which is the independent-variable?
Type of tire
If a material is subjected to a stress below its elastic limit, what can be expected to happen when the stress is removed?
The material will return to its original shape.
9. What did we see happen to the different materials as the force applied to them was increased?
The deformation increased for all materials but each material had a different rate of deformation.
Which scenario below is the same type of collision as two moving cars crashing into each other?
1. A golf ball and golf club
2. A tree falling onto a house
3. Baseball player hitting a fastball
4. Stepping on a pair of glasses on the floor
When any two objects make contact, each object applies a force on the other surface they touch. The strength of those forces are...
the same but in opposite directions