Understanding Null and Alternative Hypothesis
What is a statement about a PROPERTY of a population?
What is it called when we test this?
Hypothesis; Hypothesis Test
What test uses data obtained from a sample to decide whether the null hypothesis should be rejected?
Statistical Test
If the significance level is .10, this means ...?
Are statistical decisions proof? Why or why not?
No, because the only way to PROVE something would be to use the ENTIRE population which is impractical and rather impossible to do.
State the null and alternative hypotheses.
1. Average amount of candy consumed by Americans per year is more than 23.9 pounds.
H0: u = 23.9
H1: u > 23.9
H0 is the ... and means ... ?
H1 is the ... and means ...?
H0 = Null Hypothesis; Not guilty or Nothing Has Changed
H1 = Alternative Hypothesis; Guilty, Something Has Changed
How many possible outcomes are there in a hypothesis test?
4
What are the three most common significance levels?
.10, .05, .01
If a significance level is not given, which should you use?
.05
State the null and alternative hypotheses.
The average number of dogs a family owns is 1.6.
H0: u = 1.6
H1: u does not equal 1.6
The null hypothesis will always be the parameter being measured is WHAT to the claimed value (greater than, less than, equal to) ?
Equal to
If you do not reject the null hypothesis when it was false, this is called a ...?
Type II Error
Find the critical value(s) to use in a left-tailed test if the significance level is .05.
-1.64
Do you ever show that the null hypothesis is true?
No, you just REJECT the claim that it is not true
State the null and alternative hypotheses.
Less than 60% of books sold in a book store are hardback books.
H0: p = .60
H1: p < .60
What are the three different types of alternative hypothesis?
1. Not Equal To (2 Tail Test)
2. Greater Than (Right Tail Test)
3. Less Than (Left Tail Test)
If you reject the null hypothesis when it was true, this is called a ...?
Type I Error
Find the critical value(s) of a right-tailed test with a significance level of .01.
2.33
A research hypothesis is the same as ...?
Alternative Hypothesis
State the null and alternative hypotheses.
Eighty-five percent of people arrested for gambling are men.
H0: p=.85
H1: p does not equal .85
For which hypothesis do you support the claim? For which do you reject?
Null Hypothesis = Reject
Beta (B) represents which error, Type I or Type II error?
Type II Error
Find the critical value(s) of a two-tailed test with a significance level of .10.
-1.65, 1.65
There IS enough statistical evidence to SUPPORT the claim
Is the critical value greater for a right-tailed test of .05 or a left-tailed of .01?
Right-Tailed Test, as its critical value is 1.65 while left-tailed test is -2.33