Punnett Squares
Physical trait shown in an organism
What is phenotype?
The structure of DNA
What is a double helix?
The three types of RNA
What are mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA?
A mutation that is helpful for an organism to survive
What is an adaptation?
The process by which individuals with variations that help them survive in their environments live longer, compete better, and reproduce more than other individuals.
What is natural selection?
Represented by two capitals or two lowercase letters
What is homozygous?
The person who discovered the DNA structure
Who is Rosalind Franklin?
What is transcription?
The type of mutation that removes one or more base pairs
What is a deletion?
Adaptation that helps and organism blend in with its environment
What is camouflage?
The two letters that represents a trait
What is genotype?
The structures that make up a base pair and allow DNA to hold its structure
What are nucleotides?
The process by which proteins are created from RNA
What is translation?
The type of mutation that switches out one type of base pair for another
What is substitution?
The selection and breeding of organisms with desired traits
What is selective breeding?
Represented by one capital and one lowercase letter
What is heterozygous?
The location in the cell where DNA is stored
What is the nucleus?
The type of RNA that glues amino acids together to form proteins
What is rRNA?
The type of mutation that adds in a base pair into the sequence
What is insertion?
The resemblance of one species to another
What is mimicry?
If a parent who is heterozygous for having curly hair creates and offspring with a parent who has straight hair, what percentage of the offspring would have straight hair?
What is 50%?
A portion of DNA that codes for a specific trait
What is a gene?
The organelle where proteins are produced
What is a ribosome?
Two environmental factors that can cause mutations
What are x-rays, ultraviolet light, radioactive materials, and some chemicals?
Biological and chemical methods that change the arrangement of DNA that makes up a gene
What is genetic engineering?