Photosynthesis
What provides the energy for photosynthesis?
sun
What provides the energy for cellular respiration?
Glucose (or other organic molecules).
A model that shows the amount of energy at each trophic level in an ecosystem.
energy pyramid
What is the main cause of algal blooms?
Excess nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, in the water.
Which organisms use photosynthesis to produce food?
Plants, algae, and some bacteria.
What are the inputs and outputs of cellular respiration?
Inputs: Glucose, oxygen. Outputs: Carbon dioxide, water, energy (ATP).
A model that shows the number of organisms at each trophic level in an ecosystem.
number pyramid
What happens when an algal bloom grows out of control?
It depletes oxygen levels in the water, harming aquatic life and disrupting ecosystems.
What are the main inputs and outputs of photosynthesis?
Inputs: Carbon dioxide, water, sunlight. Outputs: Glucose, oxygen.
What are the three stages of cellular respiration?
Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain.
A model that shows the total mass of organisms at each trophic level in an ecosystem.
biomass pyramid
Where do algal blooms typically happen?
In nutrient-rich bodies of water like lakes, rivers, and coastal areas often near farms that use fertilizers
What is needed and produced during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
Needed: Water, sunlight. Produced: Oxygen, ATP, NADPH.
How does energy change through the different stages of cellular respiration?
Energy is slowly released from glucose; the most energy (ATP) is produced in the Electron Transport Chain.
If the energy at the producer level is 1000 J, how much energy is available for the next trophic level (assuming 10% energy transfer)?
100 J (10% of 1000 J).
Are algal blooms caused by human activities?
Yes, human activities like agriculture and wastewater runoff introduce excess nutrients into water.
What is needed and produced during the light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle) of photosynthesis?
Needed: Carbon dioxide, ATP, NADPH. Produced: Glucose.
Why do muscles get stiff after intense exercise?
Lactic acid builds up in muscles during anaerobic respiration, causing muscle stiffness and fatigue.
If primary consumers have 5000 J and secondary consumers have 500 J, what percentage of energy is lost between these trophic levels?
90% energy is lost (500 J/5000 J * 100).
What does an algal bloom look like?
It can look like a green, blue, or red-colored scum or mat on the surface of water.