Atomic Structure
What are the charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons
Protons = +
Neutrons = 0
Electrons = -
What did ancient philosophers believe about elements?
That the elements were water, earth, fire, and air.
*Draw an element on the board*
What is the number of protons of carbon?
6 protons
What are the two equations for finding the wavelength, frequency, and energy of a photon?
100 points for one equation. 200 points for two.
*Draw on board*
c = lambda x nu
e = h x nu
What is the element shown below?
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p5
Bromine
What particles make up the mass of the atom?
Protons and neutrons.
What proved the existence of negative particles?
The cathode ray tube.
What number from the periodic table gives the amount of protons and, in the ground state, the electrons
The atomic number.
If photon a has lower energy than another photon b what does that mean for the frequency of photon a?
Photon a has lower frequency.
What is the electron configuration of Indium (In #49)?
*Draws periodic table on board and/or puts ptable on the projector*
Double points if your team can get the normal notation and noble gas notation.
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p1
[Kr]5s2 4d10 5p1
What is an element with a different mass called?
An isotope.
What experiment supported the idea that a small nucleus exists in atoms rather than atoms being a solid sphere?
Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment.
How do you find the amount of neutrons in an atom?
Double points if you find the amount of neutrons in carbon!
12 - 6 = 6 neutrons
Which of the following has the highest frequency?
Radio, Infrared, Blue Light, X-ray
X-ray
What does it mean if two ions are isoelectronic?
Isoelectronic means they have the same electron configuration
According to the Standard Model, what are the fundamental building blocks of all matter?
quarks and leptons! Atoms are made of these.
What is the chronological order of atomic models below?
Rutherford Bohr Thomson(Plum Pudding)
Plum Pudding --> Rutherford --> Bohr
How many neutrons are in Lead
*Draws Pb on the board*
125
Which of the following has the biggest wavelength?
Radio, Infrared, Blue Light, X-ray
Radio
Which of the following ions has the same electron configuration as Bromine?
Se(1-), Kr(1+) , Ge(2-)
Se(1-) and Kr(1+) are correct!
Double points if your team got both!
An element has two isotopes of mass 24 and 27. The isotope with a mass of 24 has an abundance of 65% and the one with mass of 27 has an abundance of 35%. How do we find the atomic mass of this element?
Double points if your team gets the exact number!
Weighted average. You multiply the massed by their percent abundances then add them together.
24 x 0.65 + 27 x 0.35 = 25.05 amu
What is the difference between thomson's (plum pudding), rutherford's, and bohr's model of the atom.
Thomson's was a sea of positive charges with negative charges in it. Rutherford's and Bohr's model have a positive nucleus but rutherford's model has a uniform electron cloud while bohr's shows electrons can only occupy certain allowable energy states around the nucleus.
Atomic mass for an element from the periodic table represents what?
The weighted average mass of all the naturally occurring isotopes of that element.
A photon has an energy of 2.37 x 10^-20 J. Calculate the wavelength of the photon.
8.38 x 10^-6 meters
The excited state is when an electron in an atom jumps up to a higher level than it would normally be in. Change the following electron configuration to be in the excited state.
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p5
Showing an electron from a lower shell or subshell being moved to a higher shell or subshell.
Example
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d9 4p6
Double points if you got this exact example