Rocks & Their Uses
What are rocks made of?
Minerals
What do we call molten rock underground?
Magma
What is the breaking down of rock called?
Weathering
What are small pieces of rock/sand called?
Sediments
What are the three things needed for fire to burn?
oxygen, fuel, heat
What do we call a single piece of a mineral in a rock?
Grain
What are the two types of igneous rocks?
Intrusive and extrusive
What is the movement of weathered rock away from its original place called?
Erosion
Name one sedimentary rock
Sandstone / Limestone
What is the difference between an element and a compound?
An element has only one type of atom
A compound has two or more different atoms
The grains are different sizes and shapes and give the rock its _________
Texture
Which type of igneous rock cools quickly?
Extrusive
What type of weathering is caused by acid rain?
Chemical weathering
What process squeezes sediments together?
Compaction
True or False:
The products in an oxidation reaction are always heavier than the reactants
False
Because of the law of conservation of mass
What type of grains make a rock strong with no gaps?
Interlocking grains
How does igneous rock form?
Molten rock (lava/magma) cooling down
What is abrasion?
when rock fragments bump into each other and wear away
What process “glues” sediments together?
Cementation
Name one physical and one chemical property of alkali metals
physical: soft, shiny, malleable, ductile, good electrical conductors, high melting/boiling point
chemical: alkaline, highly reactive, reactive with water (forms alkaline solution), reacts with oxygen (forms metal oxide),
Which property allows water to flow through a rock?
Permeability
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
Heat (increasing temperature) and pressure
How do glaciers cause abrasion?
Glaciers carry large rocks that can scrape (scratch) pieces of rock from the land they move over
Put these in the correct order:
erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation
Erosion → Deposition → Compaction → Cementation
nitric acid + potassium hydroxide → ________ + ________
potassium nitrate + water