Pre Colonial Era
What was the name of the indigenous group that Columbus encountered?
Taino
Who was the American Revolution between?
colonists and British
The civil war began in what year?
1861
What was the difference between the Emancipation Proclamation and the 13th Amendment?
The Emancipation Proclamation, issued by President Abraham Lincoln in 1863, declared that all enslaved individuals in Confederate-held territory were to be set free. However, it only applied to states in rebellion and did not abolish slavery entirely. In contrast, the 13th Amendment, ratified in 1865, abolished slavery and involuntary servitude throughout the United States, making it unconstitutional. The Emancipation Proclamation was a wartime measure aimed at weakening the Confederacy, while the 13th Amendment was a permanent legal change to the Constitution.
When did colonization in the Americas begin
Christopher Columbus's discovery of the Americas in 1492 and his claim of the land for Spain marked the beginning of colonization in the New World.
When did the revolutionary era begin?
The American Revolution, also known as the American War of Independence, began in 1775
Name 1-2 events that led to the start of the Civil War
bloody kansas
dred scott decision
john browns raid
kansas nebraska act
3 ways that white supremacists found loopholes in the new amendments 13, 14, 15.
1. Implementing discriminatory laws such as Black Codes and Jim Crow laws to restrict the rights of African Americans despite the constitutional guarantees of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments. 2. Using violence and intimidation, such as Ku Klux Klan attacks and voter suppression tactics, to prevent African Americans from exercising their newly granted rights, particularly voting rights protected by the 15th Amendment. 3. Employing economic coercion and social ostracism to maintain white supremacy, including sharecropping arrangements that kept African Americans in a cycle of debt and dependence, and enforcing segregation in public facilities and accommodations despite the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment.
Who competed for land in the new world?
Spain, France, the Netherlands, and England all competed for land, power, and riches in the New World.
What caused the American Revolution?
Tensions between Britain and the Thirteen Colonies over issues like the Stamp Act and Townshend Acts led to the American Revolution. Other pivotal moments include the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, the Coercive Acts, and Lexington and Concord.
the kansas nebraska act
The Kansas-Nebraska Act established popular sovereignty in new territories like Kansas, leading to violent conflicts known as "Bleeding Kansas" over the issue of slavery.
Who led the raid on Harper's Ferry?
John Brown
Why did the British come to America?
The British came for many reasons, including land, trade, opportunity, adventure, riches, and religious freedom.
What was the first battle of the war?
The Boston Massacre was the first battle of the war.
Dred Scott Decision
The Dred Scott decision declared that enslaved individuals, even in free territories, remained property and could not claim their freedom. It also deemed the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional, intensifying tensions between North and South.
Johnson's Plan for Reconstruction
Andrew Johnson's plan for Reconstruction involved immediately reinstating Confederate leaders who sought to preserve the status quo. He allowed for a new form of slavery to arise by implementing policies that enabled the exploitation and disenfranchisement of freedpeople, effectively undermining their newly gained rights and freedoms.
Where did the British land?
The English established Jamestown in 1607, which marked their first permanent foothold in the New World.
What were contradictions that existed at the founding of our nation?
Founding fathers owned slaves>> all men not created equal
3/5ths compromise counted slaves as 3/5 of a person--> all men not created equal
True cause of civil war?
The Civil War's true cause was primarily the issue of slavery, although revisionist history emerged later, particularly in the South, to portray the war as being about states' rights rather than slavery.
14th Amendment
The key provisions of the Fourteenth Amendment included birthright citizenship and equal protection under the law for all citizens, regardless of race. Despite opposition from Johnson, the amendment aimed to secure the rights and liberties of African Americans and ensure their full integration into American society.
Colonization was marked by the oppression of at least two groups of people. Who?
Native Americans and Enslaved Africans
When was the declaration of independence signed and by what organizing body?
The Continental Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. It was engrossed on parchment and on August 2, 1776, delegates began signing it.
Describe experience of Black Soldiers in Civil War?
70% of Black men fighting for the Union.
Initially prevented from bearing arms, they eventually made up 10% of the Union soldiers.
Aspects of the Great Compromise
The Great Compromise of 1850 included provisions such as the Fugitive Slave Act, which strengthened the position of the North.
In what year did the first slave ship arrive to Northern Americas? As a part of what trade system?
1619, Transatlantic Slave Trade
This foundational document, adopted in 1787 and amended in 1791, outlines the framework of the U.S. government and enumerates individual liberties.
What is the Constitution and the Bill of Rights?
Describe experience of Native Americans during Civil War?
Forced to choose sides, experienced loss, disease, death, and hunger. Continued to be forcibly relocated during and after the war. Cherokee largely supported the Union, with location largely determining which side tribes enlisted to fight for. 20,000 out of 340,000 Native Americans enlisted to fight for both sides.
Name one legacy of the Reconstruction?
The legacy of Reconstruction includes a quick turnaround in societal values, transitioning from slavery to a time of liberty for all. It involved ordinary people coming together to create a better society, addressing issues of terrorism, race, and racism, and setting in motion ideas of equality that are still struggled with today.